24 



PRINCIPLES OF PLANT-TERATOLOGY. 



being sliced unequally in the longitudinal direction, as 

 many as ten young individuals arose from the cut 

 surface. 



Thus he proved that every cell of the stipe, every 

 hypha of the cap, including the gills, may give rise, 

 at every stage of development, to the same hypha- 

 shoots and fruit-rudiments, precisely as in the case of 

 the mycelium of the sclerotium. 



He conducted these experiments in order to demon- 

 strate the real vegetative nature of the basidiomycetous 

 fructification. 



Wettstein describes three individuals growing from 

 between the gills of Agaricus procerus breaking through 

 the edge of the cap, and growing vertically upwards. 



Quincy mentions, in Lactarius pallidus, the out- 

 growth, from a furrow on one side of the upper 

 surface of the cap, of a second entire individual. 



Trog states that a new cap developed from the 

 upper surface of a triangular piece of the cap of 

 Agaricus applicatus, which had broken off and fallen 

 on the ground. 



There must next be mentioned the cases of adven- 

 titious formation of mycelium, corresponding to the 

 adventitious roots in the higher plants. 



The formation of mycelium at the base of adven- 

 titiously-arising stipes has already been mentioned. 

 This is quite comparable to the formation of roots at 

 the base of adventitious shoots in the higher plants. 



Brefeld cultivated slices of individuals of Gojprinus 

 which were already differentiated into cap, volva, and 

 stipe, in a decoction of manure, when from every 

 living cell mycelial threads grew out. 



He also removed a young undifferentiated fruit- 

 rudiment and soaked it with the manure-decoction, 

 when it grew out into a new mycelium which produced 

 fructifications. 



Fully-differentiated caps, when similarly soaked, 

 produced mycelium from all the cells. 



