22 



PRINCIPLES OF PLATS T-T EE ATOLOGY. 



within the cavity, in other cases its pileus was per- 

 fectly fused and continuous with the upper portion of 

 the split tissue of the pileus of the primary individual. 

 In one specimen the adventitious individual was 

 forked, but its two caps had become secondarily fused 

 together. The caps of the adventitious individuals 

 were more or less rudimentary and the gills were not 

 properly differentiated (fig. 3). 



Brefeld describes interesting cases of adventitious 

 branching from the tissues of the stipe in Goprinus 

 stercorarius, and here we enter upon the rare domain of 

 experimental investigation in fungi. This author ex- 



Fig. 3. — Tricholoma sordida. Adventitious fructifications arising 

 from the internal tissues. • 



cised the caps of extremely young individuals, which 

 were sprouting from the sclerotia, whereupon new 

 stalked fruits sprouted from the ends of the stipes; a 

 most interesting feature was that, at the point where 

 the stipe joined the top of the old stipe-stump, nume- 

 rous rhizoids were produced by the former. This we 

 may compare with the rhizoid-formation occurring 

 sometimes at the base of adventitious shoots in the 

 Bryophytes. Brefeld cites this as an instance of 

 fructifications being formed without the intervention 

 of a mycelium. 



When the cut surface of the stipe was plastered 

 over, the new individuals were induced to spring from 

 the surface-cells of the stipe. In some cases he caused 

 five individuals to spring from the surface of one 



