X 



CONTENTS. 



Vascular Plants (continued) page 

 II. The Stem or Shoot . . . . .80 



1. Differentiation . . . . .80 



Fasciation . . . . . .81 



Proliferation . . . . 100 



2. Simplification . . . . . .115 



Suppression . . . . . 116 

 Fusion ....... 118 



3. Direction of Growth . . . .122 



4. Adventitious Shoots ..... 126 



Root-shoots ...... 127 



Stem-shoots ...... 128 



Leaf-shoots ...... 131 



Ovary-shoots . . . . . . 138 



5. Adventitious Growths in the Sexual Gene- 



ration ...... 139 



Prothallus Shoots ..... 139 



Adventitious Prothalli .... 140 



III. The Leaf ....... 151 



1. Differentiation ..... 152 



2. Simplification ...... 182 



3. Adnation ...... 209 



4. Change of Position. — Phyllotaxis . . 214 



Cotyledons ...... 214 



Foliage Leaves ..... 216 



Bracts . . . . . . .226 



Adventitious Leaves .... 244 



Summary ........ 246 



Index ......... 255 



