SUMMARY. 



247 



The phenomena described are : dichotomy ; fascia- 

 tion ; proliferation ; adventitious branching ; the for- 

 mation of a hymeninm on the upper surface of the 

 pileus of Agarics ; and the formation of an inverted 

 pileus in the same position, either congenitally or by 

 invagination of the margins of the pileus ; the occur- 

 rence of gills cyclically instead of radially arranged ; 

 fusion of fructifications ; and the occurrence of a 

 stipeless cap. 



Bryophytes. 



Mosses and Liverworts are considered together. 



In the sexual generation are described dichotomy, 

 monopodial and sympoclial branching, and prolifera- 

 tion of the shoot ; suppression of internodes in 

 branches ; adventitious shoots occurring on the stem, 

 leaf, thallus, inflorescence, and sporophyte ; dichotomy 

 and enlargement of the leaf, laminar enations ; union 

 of leaf-surfaces ; and reduction of leaf-area. 



The root or rhizoid and the protonema are con- 

 sidered together, as they are homologous and inter- 

 changeable structures ; either may change one into 

 the other. There are described supernumerary and 

 adventitious rhizoids and protonemata on various 

 organs of the plant. Apospory occurs, due to the 

 formation of protonemata from sporogonial tissues, 

 but it is not regarded as affording support to the 

 theory of homologous alternation of generations. 

 Fasciation, proliferation, and abbreviation of the in- 

 florescence ; metamorphosis of one sex into the other; 

 hermaphroditism ; and multiplication and reduction of 

 the sexual organs are described. 



In the sporophyte generation, the main abnormality 

 is that of "double" sporogonia ; others are: extra 

 sets of peristome-teeth, hypertrophy of the apophysis, 

 and cleistogamous capsules. 



