10 



PKLNCIPLES OF PLANT-TERATOLOGY. 



has described flowers in which a second calyx was 

 formed immediately within the first, after which 

 succeeded the normal petals and stamens. Later stages 

 are not mentioned by him. 



The phenomenon as known in the mature condition 

 takes the form of a series of " pears " (usually 2-4) 

 arranged one above the other. The lowermost fruit* 



Fig. 63. — Pyrus communis (Pear). Proliferation to form a second 

 pear, one of whose sepals is adnate with the ovary only part way 

 up. (After Turpin.) s, sepals. 



bears the usual five sepals (occasionally foliaceous) 

 arranged in a wide circle at the top ; the succeeding 

 fruit or fruits may either resemble the first one or 

 each may be subdivided into a number of partially 

 individualized portions entirely resembling the normal 

 fruit in consistence and colour, and each bearing at its 

 tip a withered remnant of a foliar organ (PI. XXVIII y 

 figs. 1-3, and fig. 63 in text). It is usual to find an 

 ovary (generally more or less abortive) near the apex 

 of the uppermost fruit, but it is entirely absent in the 



«M5 



