236 



PRINCIPLES OF PLANT-TERATOLOGY. 



affords, therefore, a distinct link, the first one possibly 

 ever seen, between the two sections of the order. 



Magnus also cites cases of adherence of petals to 

 the " column" in various orchids (fig. 144). 



As regards the adnation of stamens to the petals, 

 Masters writes of this phenomenon: " Morren describes 

 a malformation of Fuchsia wherein the petals were so 

 completely adherent to the stamens [outer series] that 

 the former were dragged out of their ordinary position 

 so as to become opposite to the sepals." A fuchsia, 



Fig. 143. — Prunus Cerasus (Cherry) ; fruit in form of an "inferior" 

 ovary (after Carriere). 



in which a petal, with but half its lamina developed 

 and bearing a complete anther at the apex, had two 

 stamens of the outer whorl completely adnate to it for 

 the whole length of their filaments, the petaloid leaf 

 thus bearing three anthers, one of which, however, 

 was imperfect. Masters observed this adhesion in the 

 orchids Ophrys aranifera, Od<>ntogl"Ssum sp., etc. In 

 the orchid Gongora and some others it is the normal 

 condition. Other normal instances of the adherence 

 of stamens to petals are exceedingly common, e. g. in 

 the Gamopetalae and Narcissus. 



In Linaria vulgaris, Paparer Ithoeas, and P. oriental e, 

 and in Gheiranthus Gheiri adhesion of the stamens 

 (transformed into carpels) with the pistil was observed; 



