COHESION AND SUPPRESSION. 



237 



in the two former cases the orientation of the adhering 

 carpelloid stamens was reversed, thereby obeying the 

 law of laminar inversion. Many instances of untrans- 

 formed stamens fusing with carpels have been seen by 

 other writers. All gynandrons flowers, such as the 

 orchids, exhibit this phenomenon as a normal feature. 



In some flowers of the pansy (Viola tricolor) which 

 were peloric (all the petals being spurred), there was 

 attached to each stamen at the base, and possessing 

 inversed orientation, a slender style bearing a terminal 



Fig. 144. — Cattleya Forbesii. Flower showing the two lateral petals 

 (p 2 and p' A ) adherent to the column. (After Magnus.) 



stigma, which often bore a minute Dendryphium-like 

 fungus. The normal pistil was present. This is a case 

 of the adhesion of carpels to stamens as distinguished 

 from the converse condition just described. 



3. COHESION AND SUPPRESSION* 

 Synanthy. 



This is precisely the opposite phenomenon to forking 

 and fasciation of the flower ; but the term " synanthy " 

 has been applied in the past, e.g. by Masters, to 

 phenomena which should be included under the head 

 of bifurcation or fasciation, it being preferable to hold 



* Under this term will be included "abortion/' "degeneration/' and 

 " suppression," as these are merely different degrees of one and the same 

 change. 



