264 PRINCIPLES OF PLANT-TERATOLOGY. 



whether by fusion of two or more organs together, or 

 by suppression of one or more organs,* has occurred,, 

 this is in all cases a progressive or evolutionary event. 

 In the first case it results in the production of one 

 organ where before there were two or three, and where 

 such a fusion is complete, as in many instances of the 

 median posterior petal of Veronica, the resultant must 

 no longer be regarded as double, i. e. as embodying 

 within itself the two or three original organs, but as a 

 unity, for the union which brought it into existence is 

 not a fusion to form a compound organ but a complete 

 unification, which implies as perfect an extinction of 

 the individuality of the original organs which took 

 part in the fusion, as does the suppression in situ of 

 any single organ of the flower. 



BIBLIOGKAPHY. 



Arber. — " On the Synanthy in the Cenus Lohicera." Journ, 



Linn. Soc, vol. xxxv (1903), pp. 463-474. 

 Arcangeli. — " Sopra varii fiori mostruosi di Narcissns e sul 



N. radiiflorus." Bull. Soc. hot. Ital., 1895, pp. 157-159. 

 Battandier. — "Observations de Biologie vegetale." Bull. 



Soc. bot. Fr., tome lvi (1909), pp. xxxv-xxxvii. 

 Benecke. — "Zur Kenntniss des Diagramms der Papaveraceee 



und Rhceadinse." Engler's Bot. Jahrb., Bd. ii (1882), 



pp. 373-390, pi. iii. 

 Camus. — " Les Veroniques et leurs alterations morpholo- 



giques." Rev. de bot., tome v (1886), pp. 212-220. 

 Carriere. — "Anomalie presentee par des Cerises." Rev. 



hort., 40 e Ann. (1868), pp. 310-311. 

 " Physiologie Vegetale. Du Bourgeonnement." Loc 



cit., 57 e Ann. (1885), pp. 80-82. 

 Celakovsky. — " Das Reductionsgesetz cler Bluthen." Sitzber. 



k. bohm. Ges. Wiss., 1894, no. 3, 136 pp., pis. i-v. 

 " Ueber den phylogenetischen Entwickelungsgang 



der Bliithe, und iiber den Ursprung der Blumenkrone." 



Loc. cit., 1896, no. 40, 91 pp. 



# It may be doubted if the regular alternation of whorls, implied in these 

 two processes, has a wholly adaptational significance 5 it may in part be 

 regarded as the expression in the flower-structure of a basic law of nature, 

 -viz. that of rhythm, activity constantly succeeded by quiescence, the wave- 

 motion to which no biological cause may be attached. 



