ADVENTITIOUS FLOWERS. 



269 



appearance of the structure, that we have to do in this 

 case with a spikelet arising adventitiously on the upper 

 surface of the tip of the inferior pale (bract of the 

 flower, according to the view here held) . At any rate 

 this is the view which has been generally adopted. 

 As Penzig points out, however, Raspail observed the 

 separation of the awn-bearing midrib from the inferior 

 pale (in several grasses) as a short floriferous axis. 

 Hence the anomaly may merely consist in fusion of an 

 .axillary product with its subtending bract. 



Pig. 155. — Hordeum trifurcatum (Nepaul Barley). Three spikelets 

 showing the trilobed apex of outer palea of each (op). Diagram 

 showing reflexed rachilla (r) within the hood bearing two adven- 

 titious florets (a/). (After Masters.) 



Above are cited three cases of adventitious flowers 

 occurring on foliar organs, viz., on carpels and a bract. 



There must now be mentioned two instances of their 

 occurrence on the floral axis. The first was in a 

 carnation-flower, sent by the editor of the e Gardeners' 

 Chronicle,' which had proliferated into a second flower 

 whose calyx consisted of the carpels of the first ; the 

 petals of the primary flower, which was double, were 

 replaced by numbers of very small flowers consisting 

 entirely of petaloid organs ; these flowers, not being 

 axillary, must be regarded as adventitious. 



Some hypertrophied female catkins of the crack- 



