ASIA MINOR. 



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rivulet ; the Turkish name of the stream is Satal Tepe Sou, or the 

 river of Mount Satal. where it rises, about five hours distance up the 

 country, and where our guide told us there were ruins. About three 

 hours from Camaris we came to a rich plain called Coroo Dere, or 

 the Dry Valley, and, after crossing a hill, another vale opened upon 

 us. The season of spring was now commencing, and every patch of 

 grass was covered with anemones of the most vivid hues^ scarlet, 

 white, and blue ; these were intermixed with the crocus, asphodel, 

 hyacinth, and purple orchis ; on the hills the variety of shrubs was 

 very great. We saw the Arbutus Andrachne and Unedo, the sweet 

 bay, the Hex, the wild olive ; many kinds of broom, heath, the Spina 

 Christi, wild vine and clematis. 



Towards sun-set we reached a Turkish village called Jouragee. 

 The almond trees scattered among the cottages were in full blossom 

 Here we found that Lampsacus was too far off for our tired horses to 

 reach it that night. The husband of a woman, whom we had accosted, 

 was returning from wood-cutting ; he examined our appearance, and 

 offered us the shelter of a hovel for ourselves and horses, which we were 

 glad to accept. He then kindled a large wood fire in a corner of it, 

 where there was a hole in the roof, and after partaking of our coffee, 

 he gave us pipes and tobacco, and began to converse familiarly. Jou- 

 ragee, he told us, contains sixty families, all Turks, each of them hav- 

 ing a piece of land in the valley, and a few sheep and gOats on the 

 mountains. At harvest time the Aga of the district sends a person 

 to measure the produce of each farm, and to take the tenth ; the only 

 fixed or permanent tax which a Turk pays in this part of Anatolia. 

 The tribute belongs to the Sultan, who sells it to some Bey or Pasha 

 of a province for a certain sum ; it is then farmed out to the Agas of 

 smaller districts, who generally take it in kind. This tenth extends 

 to all the fruits of the earth ; but that of corn is the only one rigidly 

 exacted : a moderate composition is taken for fruit, pulse, and veget- 

 ables, except by very sordid Agas. Our host complained of the war, 

 in which the Sultan was then engaged with the French, saying that 

 though his land did not produce above 120 bushels of wheat, and his 



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