ASIA MINOR. 



133 



above the ground ; the violence with which it issues, forms a jet of 

 some feet before it falls towards the earth. The heat is that of boil- 

 ing water ; the stones, near the place, appear burnt. The taste is 

 salt and extremely bitter. About a hundred yards from this intensely 

 hot spring is one of cold water, unimpregnated with salt, which runs 

 in a separate channel to the river Tousla. A plot of green turf sepa- 

 rates the hot from the cold fountain. 



The weather was so warm that our guides and servants seemed un- 

 willing to accompany us up a high hill, that promised an extensive 

 view. Mr. Carlyle and myself therefore ascended it together, and 

 from its summit saw the stream which flows from the salt-springs fall 

 into the river Tousla at about three miles distance. We noticed 

 some slight traces of building on our road up, but on reaching the 

 summit we found no vestiges of any edifice. The high mountains at 

 Baba Bournou or Cape Lectum, prevented us from seeing Athos on 

 the opposite coast of Macedonia. 



After rejoining our party at Tousla we retraced our steps to the 

 road we had quitted, and soon overtook Mustapha, whom we had 

 sent forward to procure accommodation for us at Tchesedere. We 

 observed in the vineyards a number of Turkish farmers working to- 

 gether, and found it was the custom for them to assist each other at 

 pruning time, and at the vintage. The vineyards, however, are not 

 cultivated here with the intention of making wine, the grapes are 

 consumed by the Turks both as ripe fruit and when dried into raisins ; 

 a syrup is also made from the juice called Petmez, and a tough kind 

 of dried sweet-meat, used instead of sugar in their sherbet. The 

 Turkish town of Tchesedere consists of about three hundred houses, 

 under the jurisdiction of the Aga of Aivajek, whose deputy, Hadje 

 Ali Aga, resides here : he had inclosed the cemetery with a wall ; 



the southward of Alexandria Troas. The agency of the Etesian winds, so oddly described 

 by Strabo, was doubtless nothing more than that of raising the level of the sea, so as to 

 overflow the margin, and fill the hollow plain within, where in due time it crystallized." — 

 Rennell's Troy, 18. — The words of Strabo are, khoiryyiov mto^utov to»j eTi;o-/a<c Tnjyyu/Asvoy. 



