Plate XIII. 



Fig. 49. ZONAEIA COLLARIS. 



Colour. Olive-green; obscurely striped across, 

 Suhstance. Membranaceous; delicate. 



Character of Frond. A fan-like, circular expansion, lying flat on tbe rocks; rooted 

 from its under surface; sending from its upper one, small saucer-shaped fronds, 

 which in pressing become flat. 



Measurement. From 1 to 2 inches across. 



Fructification. Minute seeds (spores) scattered over the surface of the frond. 



Habitat. Jersey; found by Miss Turner, "lying among other algse on the sand in 

 Granville Bay." 



Dr. Harvey considers the fronds so found to be secondary ones, sprung from 

 the primary Materfamilias, adherent to the rock. Zonarias differ from Padinas 

 in the irregular distribution of their spores. In Zonaria, these are scattered; 

 in Padifia, grouped in lines or bands. (See Plate IX. Fig. 35.) But the genera 

 are closely allied, and it is only for the artist's convenience that they have been 

 separated in this volume. 



Fig. 50. ZONARIA PARVULA. 



Colour. Olive-green; paler in shallow water than in deep. 

 Suhstance. Membranaceous; somewhat transparent. 



Character of Frond. Flat; spreading over rocks in patches of roundish or oval out- 

 lines; rooted by fibrous hairs from its under surface, except towards the 

 margins, which are free and divided into segments. (Segments rounded, 

 obscurely marked with lines. 



Measurement. From 1 to several inches in diameter. 



Fructification. Like that of Zonaria collar is; but it has not been observed in England. 



Halitat. Our coasts generally. On rocks and corallines between tide-marks, and in 

 deep water. Not uncommon. 



Probably often overlooked from its hiding in crevices, &c. 



Fig. 51. PUNCTARIA TENUISSIMA. 



Colour. Pale green-olive when j'-oung; brown when old. 



Suhstance. Delicately membranaceous; very thin; when young, transparent. 



Character of Frond. Very narrow, long, flat; in tufts, forming a fringe on the fronds 

 of various algae. Tapering at each end. Margins more or less toothed. 



Measurement. From 2 to 8 inches long; from -jL- to \ of an inch wide. 



Fructification. Unknown. 



Habitat. Our shores, here and there. On Chorda filum, &c. Not common. 



For the other Punctarias see Plate XL 

 25 E 



