42 



INJURIES TO PLANTS, WINTER, 1879-80. 



Rainfall, 1879—28-42 ins. : max., June, 4-32 ins. ; min., Nov., 

 59 in. [Chelmsford., disk, 3 ms. ; alt., 86 ft. ; ht., 1 ft. ; 30-80 

 ins., on 160 days]. 



Date of Onset and Duration of Frost — About Nov. 20th, with 

 much snow, very sharp frost in first few days of Dec. to 7th. Thaw 

 on evening of Dec. 7th. Frost recommenced on 16th ; thaw on 

 28th. 



Min. Temp, and Date — Dec. 7th, about -4°. 



Plants injured, 1879-80—4 (1), 8 (2), 6 (3)— Aucubas, 2. 

 Blackberries, 2 (?). Cabbages, a field of "thousand head," all, 

 1. Cedrus Deodara, 1, 2. Ivy, lost leaves in spring, 3. Laurel, 

 Bay, 2. Laurel, common, 2 ; Do., Portugal, 2. Laurustinus, 1, 2. 

 Mulberry, aged, severely injured 1860, has lost smaller branches, 3. 

 Privet, leaves only, black, 3. Quercus Ilex, 1, 2. Sequoia gigantea, 

 browned, 3. Vinca major, 3. Yew, lost leaves, 3. 



Observations — Deodars, all suffered more or less, and many were 

 entirely killed. Bay Laurels, excepting one large tree on high 

 ground — and this was much injured — all were cut down, but are 

 now shooting again. Common Laurels, those on high ground were 

 only slightly injured, while others on low ground were much cut ; 

 but are now sending up shoots from the base (Oct. 28th, 1880). 

 Portugal Laurels, much cut but not so severely as the preceding. 

 Laurustinus, suffered most of any shrubs, many being quite killed. 

 Quercus Ilex, many were much injured and some large trees quite 

 killed. "Wheat, early was no better than late sown. 



4. Ilford, Aldborough Hatch. — Mr. TV. Earley. 



Gen. Char, of Soil — Stiff clay-like loam. 



Alt. and Exposure — Table land between the Thames and Epping 

 Forest. 



Rainfall, 1879— [Chigwell Row, dist., 3 ms. ; alt., 188 ft. ; ht., 

 1 ft. 8 ins. ; 30-25 ins., on 175 days]. 



Min. Temp, and Date — Believed to be -5°, [too low ? Chigwell 

 Kow, dist., 3 ms. ; Dec. 7th, 13°-1]. 



Plants injured, 1879-80—0 (1), 5 (2), 3 (3)— Apples, Dumelow's 

 seedling, 2. Berberis Darwinii, 3. Euonymus, aureus latifolius, 

 cut to grd., 2. Garrya elliptica, 3. Laurel, Bay, cut to grd., 2. 

 Peaches, on E. and S. walls, 2. Rose, double Macartney, on a warm 

 E. gable, 3. Saxifraga sarmentosa, survived previous winter, 2. 



Plants uninjured — Potatoes in ground, undug, 



