DIVISION X. — N. COUNTIES. 105 



Plants injured, 1879-80—40 (1), 30 (2), 12 (3), total at 5 places. 



Northumberland. Spring and summer very cold; Sept. and 

 Oct., very fine ; Nov., wet ; Dec, severe (North Shields). Rain- 

 fall, in June and July- excessive ; that of Sept. and Oct., remarkably 

 small (Pawston.) Min. rainfall, Morpeth, alt., 24 ft. (?) ; 23-55 ins. : 

 max., Cheviot, alt., 1692 ft. ; ht., 4 ft. ; 77*63 ins. Min. temps., Dec. 

 3rd,— Morpeth, -11° : Alnwick, alt., 182ft. ; -2°: Dec. 4th,— Belford* 

 and Fowberry,f -16° : Morpeth, -12° : Bingfield, alt., 445 ft. ; and 

 Wark, alt., 400 ft. ; -10° : Hexham, % -9° : Corbridge, alt., 270 ft. ; 

 -5° : Cornhill, -4° : Alnwick, 3° : Newcastle, 7° : Bywell, 1° : and 

 N. Shields, alt., 98 ft. • 8°-5 : Dec. 5th,— Bywell, 4° : N. Shields, 

 ll°-7; Jan. 20th, 22°-2. 



Plants injured, 1879-80—15 (1), 31 (2), 11 (3), total at 3 places. 



Westmoreland. A severe winter, a cold spring, a sunless sum- 

 mer, and a fine autumn (Whelprigg). Rainfall, below av. (Bra- 

 thay, Ambleside) ; 10 ins., below av. (Kirkby Stephen). Min. rain- 

 fall, Brougham Hall (Penrith), alt., 470 ft. ; ht., 5 ft. 5 ins. ; 25-20 

 ins. : max., Kirkstone Pass, alt., 1500 ft. ; ht., 1 ft. ; 82-85 ins. 

 Min. temps., Belfield, Dec. 3rd to 8th, respectively, 1°, -2°, 0°, 6°, 

 1° and 6° : Kendal [dates ?] 8°, 11°. 



Plants injured, 1879-80 — 10 (1), 5 (2), 9 (3), total at 2 

 places. 



Eeports. 



1. Cumberland — Carlisle, Castletown. — Mr. A. Smith. 

 Gen. Char, of Soil — A light sandy loam. 

 Alt. and Exposure — About 100 ft. 



Rainfall, 1879—29-33 ins. ; av. of 10 yrs. (1870-79), 31-54 ins. ; 

 min., 1878, 27-23 ins.; max., 1877, 43-87 ins. 



Date of Onset and Duration of Frost — [Near Carlisle, frost began 



* Jl. of Hort. 1879, p. 464. 



f Gard. Chron. 1879, p. 765, Mr. G. Culley reports : — " The therm, in my 

 garden, 2 ft. from the grd., marked 16° below zero, at 5 a.m. At 9 a.m. a 

 therm. 20ft. from the grd. marked 7° below zero, and during the day never rose 

 higher than 4° above zero. The greatest amount of cold registered in my garden 

 during last winter (1878-79) was 8° below zero, and during the winter (1860-61) 

 13° below zero. I do not suppose there is any reliable record of so cold a day 

 as yesterday in England." [Belford is dist. about 3 ms. ; where -16 Q is also 

 recorded]. 



X Gard. Chron. 1879, p. 765. 



P 



