DIVISION X. N, COUNTIES. 



293 



Rainfall, 1880 — [Newcastle, dist., 7 ms., E. ; alt., 105 ft.; 

 27-39 ins.]. 



Date of Onset and Duration of Frost— Oct. 19th, 26° ; followed 

 by occasional frosts ; -severe frost from Jan. 9th to 12th, 28° ; 14th, 

 15th, 20°; 17th, 8°. 



Min. Temp, and Date— Jan. 26th, 0°. 



Plants injured, 1880-81-9 (1), 13 (2), (3)— Arbutus An- 

 drachne, 1 . Aucuba jap. varieg., 2. Cotoneaster Simonsii, 2. Cryp- 

 tomeria elegans, 2. Daphne Mezereum, 2. Deutzia scabra, 2. Euo- 

 nymus europaeus, 1 ; E. radicans, 2. Pears, 2. Picea Nordman- 

 niana, 2. Roses, H. P.'s, 2. Weigela rosea, 2. Yucca aloifolia, 1. 

 2. Sunderland, Whitburn Hall. — Mr. J. Dobson. [See p. 111.] 

 Rainfall, 1880 — [Sunderland, mean of 4 obs. ; alt., 120 to 132 ft. ; 

 27-79 ins.]. 



Min. Temp, and Date — Jan. 26th, 5°. Therm, in recess in a N. 

 wall. 



Plants injured, 1880-81—4 (1), 14 (2), 12 (3)— Broccoli (ex- 

 cepting Carter's champion, and a late local var. only saved), 1. Co- 

 toneaster microphy 11a, 1. Crataegus Pyracantha, 2. Furze, 2. Holly, 

 2 ; Do. varieg., 2. Ivy, 2. Laurels, all, 2. Quercus Ilex, 2. Roses, 

 dwfs., 3 ; H.P.'s, 3. Strawberries, 3. 



Ohservations — The winter of 1880-81 has proved most disastrous 

 to the few evergreens, e.g. Laurels, Bay and common, that thrive on 

 this exposed coast. They were much enfeebled by the two previous 

 winters, and are mostly cut down to the snow line. Fruit trees have 

 suffered much less than in 1878-9, doubtless owing to the better 

 summer of 1880, which brought the wood to a better state of matu- 

 rity. Vegetables have also suffered less, no doubt, in consequence of 

 the long protection of snow. 



1. Northumberland— Alnwick, The Castle. — Mr. A. Ingram. 

 [See p. 112.] 

 Rainfall, 1880—30-51 ins. 



Date of Onset and Duration of Frost — Nov. 20th, more or less 

 till middle of April, 1881. 



Min. Temp, and Date — Jan. 17th, -2°. 



Plants injured 1880-81 — 14 (1), 12 (2), 20 (3)— Berber idopsis 

 corallina, 1. Buddleia globosa, 1. Ceanothus azureus, 1 ; C. grandi- 

 florus, 1. Cedrus Atlantica, 3 ; C. Deodara, 3. Cotoneaster micro- 



