THE DISTRIBUTION OF TSETSE-FLIES IN THE PROVINCE 
OF MOZAMBIQUE, EAST AFRICA. 
by Cy W. HOWARD BAcy E.ESS: 
Chief of Entomological Section, Department of Agriculture, Mozambique 
Province. 
(Map). 
The presence of trypanosomiasis in cattle in the Province of Mozambique has 
made the question of tsetse-flies one of considerable interest and importance. 
During the past two-and-a-half years the writer has lost no opportunity of 
gathering information as to the whereabouts of tsetse-belts. It has been very 
difficult, because of the inaccessibility of most parts of the Province. The 
northern districts of Nyasa and Mozambique, for example, are practically impene- 
trable except for a few miles along the coast; no roads exist, and the natives, 
while not actively hostile, do not favour the intrusion of the white man. The 
northern part of the Zambesia district and the Tete district are likewise seldom 
visited by white men. It was not possible to organise a system of collecting 
reports of fly-belts from officials because of the small number of officials in these 
out-of-the-way regions. The writer has, however, been enabled to visit prac- 
tically all accessible parts of the Province, and by questioning officials and 
natives and those who have been through the more inaccessible regions, has 
gathered considerable data. Specimens of fly have been secured from many of 
the places recorded. Although the few notes given are by no means complete, 
it seems best, however, to place them on record now. 
Beginning at the north, I have two well-authenticated reports of tsetse from 
the Nyasa district. Toward the end of the dry season of 1908, during August 
and September, Major Hamilton, the game warden of the Eastern Transvaal, 
and the British Consul at Lourenco Marques, made a journey across this 
district, on foot. The road followed was from the seaport Ibo, southward to 
Port Amelia, thence westward along the Pulu river. Continuing westward 
about midway between the sea coast and Lake Nyasa, they passed through 
a strip of country between the Msalu and Lujenda rivers. The route then bent 
slightly south-west along the latter river, finally striking westward to Lake 
Nyasa near Fort Maguire. 
A small quantity of fly was found along the Pulu river west of Port Amelia. 
It was along both sides of the river, and in very dense bush. But what was 
most surprising was the absence of game. Major Hamilton, who is a well-known 
hunter, informed me that he saw only one or two tracks of small game, no big 
game, and scarcely any feathered game. Between the Msalu and Lujenda rivers 
was a stretch of about 90 miles with thick bush and very little water. A large 
quantity of fly was found throughout the whole extent of this country. Here 
