OF THE MALTESE ISLANDS. 57 
further details regarding the nomenclature and synonyms of Phlebotomus. The 
taxonomic position of this genus is with the family PsycHODIDAR, and it is 
included in the sub-family PHLEBOTOMINAE. All the members of this family 
are small Nemocerous. insects characterised by the possession of relatively large 
wings which are clothed with either scales or hairs ; and one of the most familiar 
representatives, and one also which is widely distributed and nearly related to 
Philebotomus, is the genus Psychoda (sub-family PSYCHODINAE) the members of 
which are known generally to Englishmen as “ Moth-flies” or “ Owl-midges.” 
The short diagnosis which follows, will serve at once to distinguish Phlebotomus 
from any of the allied genera in the PHLEBOTOMINAE and also from the midges 
belonging to the PSyYCHODINAE. 
Genus PHLEBOTOMUS, Rondani. 
Mouth formed for piercing and sucking; palpi of five segments ; antennae 
long, filiform and composed normally of 16 segments; wings hairy, narrow, 
second longitudinal vein twice forked, cross-veins placed near the basal fourth of 
the wing ; body clothed with hairs ; sexual dimorphism distinct. 
The larva (PI. I., figs. 7-8) is characterised by its caterpillar-like form 
(eruciform) ; by the presence of two pairs of long caudal bristles, which may 
equal the length of the body ; and by the absence of the true legs. 
The pupa (PL, I., fig. 12) is obtectate, and may be recognised by the presence 
of the larval skin which invariably remains attached to the last two segments of 
the abdomen. It should be borne in mind, however, that the partial retention of 
the larval skin by the pupa, is not peculiar to the genus Phlebotomus, as Speiser 
(8) has shown that the larval skin of Helea (Forcipomyia) regulus, Winn., one of 
the members of the CHIRONOMIDAK, also remains attached to the anal segments 
of the pupa. The larva of this genus does not, however, possess the long caudal 
bristles which are so characteristic of Phlebotomus, though in other ways it is not 
unlike the latter. 
EXTERNAL MorpPHOLOGY. 
Head (figs. 1 and 9) somewhat elongated, but distinctly narrowed at the nape, 
vertex clothed with long hairs ; clypeus large and also clothed with hairs on the 
upper surface. Eyes large and intensely black. 
Pro. 
Fig. 1.—Head of Phlebotomus papatusii ; ant, antenna ; ¢, eye ; cl, clypeus ; pul, 
palpus ; pro, proboscis. 
