88 ROBERT NEWSTEAD—OBSERVATIONS ON 
Mytilaspis citricola, Packard (=. beckii, Newm.). 
On Citrus ; Entebbe, Uganda, 3. II. 1910 (C. C. Gowdey). 
Chionaspis longispina, sp. n. 
Female puparium.—Varying from broadly ovate to elongate, and usually 
broadest immediately behind the exuviae or pellicles. The general colour of 
the scale is pale translucent grey ; but many examples are bright ochreous brown, 
and there are also colour varieties intervening between these two; the puparia 
are, however, so completely concealed beneath the superficial layer of the bark 
of the food-plant that the true character of the secretion is rendered almost 
invisible. Pellicles dull yellow or orange yellow. Length, 1-1°25 mm. 
Female, adult-—Form broadly ovate, the cephalo-thoracice region being as wide 
as the free abdominal segments. Rudimentary antennae with a single strongly 
curved and deeply forked spine. There are, apparently, no parastigmatic glands. 
Pygidium (fig. 3), strongly produced and furnished with two pairs of lobes; the 
median pair large, and, in well preserved specimens, tridentate on the anterior 
Fig. 3.—Chionaspis longispina, Newst. ; margin of pygidium of adult female. 
lateral margin, the dentations being broadly rounded ; second pair of lobes small 
and dentate on the outer lateral margin only. Squamae more or less rudimentary. 
Spines very long and slender, with the exception of the median pair which are 
minute and do not reach as far as the tips of the lobes. Body-wall with one 
bilateral pair of incisions, each surrounded by a circular patch of dark chitin. 
Circumgenital glands three to four in number, arranged in a single curved row. 
Anal orifice towards the margin of the pygidium. Sexual orifice almost centrally 
placed. 
On Justicia alba; Ghezireh, Egypt, 2. 1X. 1910 (F. C. Willcocks). 
The distinguishing characters of the female are the long slender spines on the 
pygidium ; the curious form of the antennal spines ; and the absence of grouped 
circumgenital glands. 
The “mining” habits of the female are rather striking, though many species 
insinuate themselves beneath the living cuticle of their food-plants, so much so 
in Chionaspis biclavis, Comstock, as to render the puparium quite invisible. 
Scattered among the females were a number of male puparia which from their 
general form and colour are, I believe, referable to the genus Parlatoria, and 
