104 ROBERT NEWSTEAD—OBSERVATIONS ON AFRICAN SCALE INSECTS, &C. 
in advance of these are two slender hairs; there isa similar hair near the antenne 
and usually four marginal ones. Thoracic segments with several (4-6) slender 
spinose hairs. Pygidium very broadly rounded the central area of the dorsal 
surface with innumerable clear granular spaces (? glands) rendering the integument 
strikingly characteristic ; dorsal pores in three well-defined series ; margin (fig. 
14, 4) distinctly crenulated and thickened ; median lobes widely separated and 
divergent ; second pair small; third rudimentary ; there are 2-3 rudimentary 
squames between the second and third lobes and 5-6 long slender spines beyond 
them. Vaginal orifice near the base of the pygidium. Anal orifice just within 
the margin ; this organ is partly closed by a pair of valve-like processes. 
Female, nymph Ge 14, c).—Integument strongly chitinised. Cephalic segment 
much more constricted fan in the adult insect, the articulation is also much more 
pronounced, and just within the anterior margin is a pair of large clear ovoid 
spaces (? glandular) which stand out in ooeled contrast with the surrounding 
tissues. Pygidium similar to that of the adult, but the median lobes are Hite 
together, the margin is more strongly crenulated, and the clear “ granular” spaces 
on the dorsal area are less conspicuous owing to the opacity of the integument. 
On “Sunt” tree (Acacia arabica) ; Unne: Egypt, above Aswan, aes 1909 
(F. Hughes). The specimens recorded by Mr. Draper (loc. cit.) were also found 
on Acacia arabica, in Kgypt. 
As the nymphal females are much more easily prepared for microscopical 
examination than the adults, the pair of large cephalic (?) glands will serve at 
once to distinguish this insect from its allies ; and both stages may be recognised 
by the curious appearance of the pygidium. 
Spherococcus marlatti (Cockerell). 
Phenicoccus marlatti, Cockerell, Pr. Ac. N. Sci. Ph., p. 262 (1899). 
Spherococcus draperi, Newstead, Quart Jour. Liverpool Univ. I., 2, p. 70 
(1905); Draper, Scale-Insects of Egypt, p. 12 (1907). 
Having re-examined my material, I have come to the conclusion that the insect 
which I recorded (loc. cit.) is specifically identical with Cockerell’s Phanicoccus 
marlatti, and as the latter was described in 1899, the name draper? must sink as 
asynonym. I do not agree with Cockerell, however, that this insect should be 
separated from Spherococcus, Maskell, simply because the antenne are “ reduced 
to a mere tubercle.” All the characters are really conformable to the genus and 
as regards the antenne Maskell* distinctly states that these organs are “ some- 
times atrophied.” Iam convinced therefore that Phanicoccus, as a genus, cannot 
stand. Cockerell’s types were found in America on date palms (Phwnix sp.) 
imported from Algeria. Draper (/oc. cit.) says that these insects locate themselves 
at the base of the leaf stalks which they completely cover with the white 
flocculent or felted matter. He states also that “the pest can be destroyed by 
painting with strong kerosine emulsion which should reach all infested parts ” 
and further that it is very common in Lower Egypt. 
* Trans. N, Zealand Inst, V. XXV., p. 237 (1892), 
May, 1911, 
