206 JAS, J. SIMPSON—ENTOMOLOGICAL 
of water in many places, and large water-fowl were abundant. There is an 
enormous number of rice farms in the drier parts of the swamp. The road is 
very sinuous, following the inequalities of the uncertain ridge. There can be no 
doubt that this is a pestilential part in the rains, and must be a hot-bed of 
Glossina and TABANIDAE (Mangrove flies).* Even at the time of my visit 
G. palpalis occurred in the camp, which is some considerable distance from the 
swamp, one being seen at 9.30 a.m., while others were found near the watering- 
place throughout the day. Tabanus taeniola was seen in the stable at 4.30 p.m. 
From Tenenfara to Kudang the country is moderately open, and no biting flies 
were seen. The small number of flies of any sort was to a great extent accounted 
for by the excessive heat, the mid-day shade temperature during these days being 
104° to 105° F. From Tenenfara to Kudang, the country is covered with thin 
open bush, and there is a large amount of cultivation ; no biting flies were seen, 
The road from Kudang to Jarreng passes through Fula Kolon, Bamba Kolon, 
and Gauwa, and thus skirts the edge of an extensive swamp. At Jarreng one 
large T'abanus, similar to those got at Patcheri and Brikama, was caught. From 
Jarreng to the Sofaniama Bolon, there is simply a small track through thin bush ; 
the creek itself contained very little water, while after that the road passed over 
a “ baked” swamp, consisting of a number of rice fields; One Tabanus taeniola 
was caught flying round the horse in camp at Sukuta at 5.30 pm. The route 
from Sukuta to Dassalami passes through a small part of French territory over 
a rocky laterite ridge. After leaving Dassalami, the end of a long creek, 
consisting of a large number of rice farms, is skirted. An examination of the 
bush in the vicinity of the creek failed to reveal any biting flies ; in fact, except 
for one Dipteron, nothing but a large number of honey-bees was seen. 
Bureng to Jappeni. Practically the whole of the track from Bureng to 
Badumi (a small town not shown on the map, but lying about half-way between 
Jassong and Jappeni) skirts the fringe of an extensive swamp in which stagnant 
water occurs in several places ; large clusters of dense bush and Oil and Borassus 
palms are abundant at several places on the route. Glossina morsitans alighted 
on the pony’s neck while I was at Badumi; three were to be seen on him at one 
time while standing near the village well. Between Jassong and Badumi the 
country is such as might lead one to expect Glossina palpalis ; in fact, it is more 
than probable that it does occur here during the rains. From Badumi to 
Jappeni the road passes through thin bush, typical morsttans-country. Auch- 
meromyia luteola was obtained at Jappeni. 
From Jappeni to Soma the road passes through two small towns, Buiba and 
Karantaba. Before reaching the town of Buiba the head of the Buiba Bolon is 
crossed ; around this ridge there is dense bush and numerous oil palms. The 
approach on either side is a well shaded avenue, and here Glossina morsitans 
occurred in greater numbers than in any other part of the journey. Close to 
the town of Buiba there is a large open clearing, and on approaching it we saw 
an enormous number of dog-faced or Guinea baboons (Papio sphinx) of all sizes. 
* As there seems to be a certain amount of misunderstanding in some quarters with regard 
to what are actually included in the term “‘ Mangrove flies” I may take this opportunity of 
pointing out that this term is collective for TABANIDAn, large and small, and does not include 
such insects as Cordylobia anthropophaga, the maggot-fly, which does not bite, 
