314 JAS. J. SIMPSON—ENTOMOLOGICAL 
ascending minima, and follows very closely the order of ascending annual rainfall. 
At one end of the scale are Geidam, Maiduguri, and Sokoto, and at the other 
Lokoja, Horin, and Ankpa. <A study of the Table will, however, reveal many 
other interesting comparisons, all of which are relevant, in a minor degree, 
to the questions under consideration. 
III. PorpuLATION AND TRIBES. 
Politically, Northern Nigeria is divided into thirteen provinces* of very 
unequal size. The extent of these and the enormous difference in the density of 
the population in the various provinces will be seen from the following table. 
| 
Province. rie ae Capital. Population. 
Sokoto... oot eae 35,400 Sokoto ... ont coe 600,000 
Kano 2a eon 263 28,600 Kanone ie. 50d ood 2,400,000 
Boru: 260 obo 32,800 Maiduguri 20: ae 400,000 
Bauchi ... are ee 23,200 Bauchi ... =e 556 709,100 
Zaria “0c oon oat 15,800 Latin | tee. Roe ase 179,000 
Niger 200 aot Spc 12,500 Zungerut ie 550 226,800 
Kontagora ae aee 27,000 Kontagora’ 5 ASS 75,500 
Hlorin 506 eee “0c 6,300 Mori’) e- eas 5 163,600 
Kabpba aos.: eee sae 7,800 Lokojaz ... Sas dee 184,900 
3assa 500 Abc oc 7,000 Ankpa ... 700 ene 175,000 
Nassarawa ae ae 17,900 Keffi ise ces es 161,100 
| Muri 550 oan sc 25,600 Amar | Bes sas ace 584,000 
Yola aes xx ac 15,800 Yola dss ees she 30,000 
Total <.. “6 255,700 Total ... Ce 5,889,000 
Any discussion of the origin of the numerous tribes which inhabit the 
Protectorate would be out of place here, but at the same time it is essential to 
know something of the leading tribes, their distribution, and the differences in 
their pursuits and mode of living. 
By far the most important race are the Hausas, who are supposed to have 
come from the east, and to have penetrated the Western Sudan from the North. 
The whole of the Northern part of the Protectorate is sometimes designated by 
the name of “ Hausa Land.” The Hausas are essentially a trading people, and 
as their itinerant nature has induced them to visit the remote parts of the pagan 
countries, they have thus created trade routes in all directions. Consequently, 
Hausa villages are to be found all over Northern and Southern Nigeria, for the 
Hausas do not necessarily bring produce from their own country for trading, 
but buy in one market and sell in another. 
Next in importance are the Fulanis, a tribe whose origin is unknown, but who 
are supposed to have come from the country near the source of the Senegal 
* The data here given are those of 1907. 
+ The headquarters of the Resident is at Minna and the area and population for the new 
Niger Province is really that for the old, and now abolished, Nupe Province. 
+ The headquarters of the Resident is at Kabba. 
