318 JAS. J. SIMPSON—ENTOMOLOGICAL 
are covered with long grass and thick low shrubs close down to the water’s edge, 
while behind this is a dense fringe of thick bush (Pl. VIII, fig. 1). I went 
ashore at several places, and everywhere G. tachinoides swarmed, while in the 
thick bush behind, one G. palpalis was caught. 
For the last 800 yards before reaching Jebba, the river is enclosed in a narrow 
gorge with almost vertical walls; it is divided in two by the high steep-sided 
“Juju” rock (Pl. VIII, fig. 2), the current being both deep and swift, with 
numerous eddies and whirlpools. 
JSebba to Mureji. 
This journey was accomplished on the 11th of October in a very small steam- 
launch. The nature of the vegetation on the river banks is very similar to that 
around Bajibo. In some parts heavy bush predominates, and there Glossina 
palpalis swarmed ; at other places where there is abundant grass and low shrubs, 
G. tachinoides was seen (Pl. TX, fig. 1). 
At the town of Mureji itself, both G. palpalis and G. tachinoides were caught. 
On another occasion (August 16th) I visited this town, which is nothing more 
than a few houses situated on a mud bank, so that at low water it stands a few 
feet above the level of the river, but during the rains the various houses are 
separated by deep channels filled by the rising river (Pl. IX, fig. 2). Mosquitos 
were abundant in August and by far the most frequent were Myzomya costalis 
and Stegomyia fasciata. Tabanus taeniola and T. latipes were also caught at the 
same time. The chief importance of this village lay in the fact that it is situated 
at the junction of the Kaduna and the Niger, and all launches for Barijuko, the 
Kaduna landing-place for Zungeru, took in fuel there ; but since the opening of 
the Baro-Kano Railway, this route has been abandoned, and the only launches 
which call there now are those plying between Jebba and Baro, 
On the river Kaduna, between Mureji and Barijuko, Tabanus taeniola and 
T. latipes were the only blood-sucking flies seen during my trip, but both G. 
palpalis and G. tachinoides have been caught in this region, and these records are 
shown on the accompanying map. 
Although I traversed the river between Mureji and Baro on two occasions, I 
was unable to form any opinion of this part, as both trips were done by night. 
Both G, palpalis and G. tachinoides have, however, been recorded from this 
region (see map). The town of Baro has been discussed elsewhere, so requires 
no mention here. The journey from Baro to Idah was made in a large stern- 
wheeler, which is not nearly so satisfactory for entomological purposes, as it 
seldom approaches close enough to the banks for flies to come aboard, and the 
rate is also a deterrent to such intrusions. With the exception of several 
Tabanus latipes and T. taeniola caught south of Baro and 7’. fasciatus near 
Itobe, no blood-sucking flies were seen on the steamer. Both Glossina palpalis 
and G. tachinoides, however, have been found on this stretch, and the localities of 
these are also shown on the map. 
(v) Lokoja. 
The town of Lokoja is, and always must be a very important commercial 
centre, inasmuch as it is situated at the junction of the two large rivers, the 
Benue and the Niger, and therefore commands the whole of the trade of the 
