332 JAS. J. SIMPSON—ENTOMOLOGICAL 
anything approaching what might be termed an epidemic, either at present or in 
the past, still the importance of the existence of such a focus is a serious menace 
to non-immunes, such as Europeans, who may come within range of it. The 
blood-sucking flies caught in and around the town were G. palpalis (in great 
abundance), HZaematopota pallidipennis, Tabanus sp. (near gratus), T. pertinens, 
and two species of mosquitos. Trypanosomiasis in horses is responsible for a 
heavy annually mortality in this region, but this disease the natives attribute to 
two plants, one a species of Pandanuws, and the other a liana-like leguminous 
creeper, which are supposed to contaminate or poison the drinking water. 
Just outside the kurimi in which the town is situated is a large area of open 
ground, covered with long grass and thin bush or isolated trees, similar to that 
shown on page 328. There we camped, ata distance of about 150 yards from 
the kurimi, and only an occasional tsetse was seen, these having followed the 
women bringing water and firewood to the camp, although within the kurimi 
itself they swarmed around one constantly. 
In view of all these facts:—(1) the position of the town in the centre of a 
kurimi, (2) the prevalence of sleeping sickness, (3) the abundance of (Glossina 
palpalis, and (4) the existence of a large area of open ground in the immediate 
vicinity—some measures ought to be adopted to minimise the risks attendant on 
such a focus of sleeping sickness. Every endeavour should be made to have the 
town removed into the open clearing and the area around it denuded of all bush. 
The presence of individuals with trypanosomiasis is of necessity a source of 
danger, as they serve as reservoirs and tend to increase the number of infective 
tsetse ; it is highly desirable that all such cases should be at once removed to a 
segregation camp. 
The return journey from Kateri was made by way of Kurimi-n-Iya, Kwakou, 
Kumbaku to Kogin Sirikin Pawa. The road from Kateri to Kurimi-n-Lya 
passes through the two small Kadara villages of Bini and Adana. The vegeta- 
tion may be described as thin open bush, intersected by a succession of kurimis. 
Less than 500 yards from Kurimi-n-lya, a small river was crossed, and there 
Glossina palpalis was caught. The town itself is situated in a kurimi, as the 
name would suggest, and swarms with G. palpalis (Pl. XV, figs. 1 and 2). It was 
impossible to find near this town a piece of open ground suitable for a camp which 
would be a safe retreat from tsetse, and we had consequently to camp between 
two dense kurimis. Both G. palpalis and G. tachinoides were caught in the 
camp, and the tents were invaded by swarms of Haematopota pallidipennis, forty 
of this species being captured between 2 and 3 p.m. 
About six miles from Kurimi-n-Iya is situated the town of Bichi, a very 
tlourishing place, extensively cultivated. Three miles further on is the village of 
Goda, while Kwakou is distant about six miles from the latter. This route 
passes through several kurimis and numerous extensive “fadamas” or swamps, 
which would be practically impassable in the wet season. It is very rocky in 
places, and the grass in the marshes is between eight and nine feet high. 
G. palpalis was seen in a kurimi between Goda and Kwakou, and also at the 
latter place, 
Kumbaku is about twelve miles from Kwakou. Immediately after leaving 
Kwakou, the river Dinia is crossed, and from this the road is practically level. 
