338 JAS. J. SIMPSON—ENTOMOLOGICAL 
and is separated from it by a dense kurimi, more than a mile in breadth. In 
this kurimi there are numerous pools of considerable size. At the height of the 
rains, it is more than probable that these connect with the Niger. 
The town is moderately large and is an important market-place for the 
surrounding district. Five hundred people were examined for sleeping sickness, 
but no case was found. Cattle are bred there, and seem to thrive quite well, but 
horses have been brought at different times from Kefti and Abuja, and, according 
to reports by the natives, all have died within a few weeks of their arrival. 
Seven horses died thus during one season. The interpreter, kindly lent to me 
by Major Blakeney, the Resident at Keffi, informed me that on one occasion 
Major Blakeney, while on trek, brought two horses to Kotonkerifi both of which 
died of trypanosomiasis on their return to Keffi, although they were to all 
appearance perfectly sound before setting out. The natives there, as elsewhere, 
attribute this to the drinking water. The country around Kotonkerifi is covered 
with dense bush and abundant undergrowth. This is intersected by numerous 
backwaters from the Niger, and at the time of my visit (December), there was a 
large number of pools isolated by the falling river. Glossina palpalis and 
G. tachinoides were everywhere abundant. 
The road from Kotonkerifi to Umaisha, which are both in Nassarawa Province, 
passes through numerous towns, none of which are indicated on the small scale 
map, and as most of them are not shown on the larger scale map, it has been 
considered advisable to include them here so as to make the individual records 
more precise. Their relative position may be gauged by the Glossina-localities 
shown, in order, on the accompanying map. 
The country between Kotonkerifi and I[kpariki is covered with high grass and 
thin low bush, and is eminently suitable for G. submorsitans. Between Ikpariki 
and Ibefu, there is a large amount of cultivated land, and the bush is therefore 
considerably reduced in amount. After Ibefu the road is very stony and hilly 
owing to a rocky outcrop, but towards Denjiri it again becomes level, and every- 
where there are extensive farms of yams and guinea-corn, At Denjiri, both 
G, palpalis and G. tachinoides were caught. 
According to the natives, a short time after horses are brought to this region, 
they show marked oedema of the legs, belly and scrotum, micturate in small 
quantities, lose their appetite, and finally die in five to eight days. This is 
clearly indicative of trypanosomiasis, but although G. swbmorsitans was specially 
sought for in likely places, none was seen. 
From Denjiri to Ogusu the road passes through numerous kurimis, between 
which are extensive farms. About half-way is the town of Utu and here 
G. palpalis occurs. Ogusu is simply a collection of scattered farm hamlets ; 
G. tachinoides was the only blood-sucking insect obtained in this region. 
The country from Ogusu to Umaisha is fairly open and extensively farmed, 
In and around the town of Umaisha, which is practically on the banks of 
the River Benue, both G. palpalis and G. tachinoides were obtained. The 
siriki (or local chief) complained bitterly of the loss of horses from a disease 
which he called “chiwon aguna” (or swelling sickness), and which is almost 
certainly trypanosomiasis, but no G. submorsitans were seen, As elsewhere, 
this disease is attributed to the drinking-water. 
