350 JAS. J. SIMPSON--ENTOMOLOGICAL 
(e) G. fusca is also a Southern Nigerian species, and so far has been seen only 
in the Kabba Province. 
(f) In the various species of (Glossina, as also in nearly all other species of 
insects, there is a gradual diminution in size and a gradual tendency to become 
paler in the northern parts of the Protectorate, where the country is more open, 
the dry season is of greater duration, and the influence of the dry hot harmattan 
is more intensive. 
I hope to deal at greater length with the question of the distribution of the 
various species of Glossina as shown in this Protectorate, after my report on 
Southern Nigeria, when both Colonies may be regarded as one geographical 
unit. The same applies to the bionomics of tsetse and the other blood-sucking 
flies mentioned in this report. 
I have added the following extracts from reports by medical officers in the 
Protectorate as these extend our knowledge of the distribution of Glossina in 
regions I was unable to visit. 
Dr. J. M. Dalziel, reporting on a trip made in December, 1910, in the Sokoto 
Province with a view to “making inquiries in regard to the distribution and 
prevalence of tsetse in that neighbourhood,” draws the following conclusions* :— 
(1) On the main road between Anka and Banaga tsetse-flies are found at the 
following localities :—(a) Byassa, 15 miles south of Anka and 2 from 
Bajega—G. morsitans ; (b) In the three-mile belt of high woods 
beginning at 6 miles south of Bajega and ending at 3 miles north of 
Banaga— G. morsitans ; (c) Fassa, a tributary of the Banaga River, 
24 miles north of Banaga—-G. morsitans and G. tachinoides ; 
(d) Matakwri ravine near Daraga—G. morsitans. 
(2) They are found in streams or in the bush away from the main road at :— 
(az) Korammar Beji, near Bajega—G. morsitans and G. tachinoides ; 
(d) Korammar Karawai, near Bajega—G. morsitans; (c) west of 
Banaga, from the stream Fulani through the bush to Kainkenni, 
4 miles from the town—G. morsitans, and in places G. tachinoides. 
He adds, “No native admits that tsetse-flies are found north of Anka, 
75 miles by road from Sokoto, and I think they are right” but some of the 
smaller TasANiDAE are found as far north as Sokoto. 
Dr. C. W. McLeay, writing to the Principal Medical Officer (18.1.10), says 
with regard to the Ilorin Province :— 
“(, tachinoides are plentiful on the Niger between Ogudu and J ebba—at. Jebba 
itself G. morsitans is found. Morsitans occurs also at Ilorin and Pategi and a 
main belt crosses the [lorin-Pategi road at Zambagu. At Orimope, Omu, Awtun 
and Osi G. tachinoides weve caught by Asst. Resident Bryant. I think this 
fly must be very generally distributed over the southern portion of the Province 
and towards the Kabba country.” 
Capt. F. E. Bissell, R.A.M.C., writing from Bauchi on Dec. 7th, 1910, 
reports that he visited Bebua, altitude 2,200 ft., two days’ march from Bauchi, 
* Where possible, these records have been ineluded on the accompanying map. 
