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JOURNEY TOWARDS ASSAM AND BOOT AN. 



Kala Panee, upwards of four species may be met with. Polygonum 

 (Bistorta.) becomes more common on the higher ground between 

 Surureem and Kala Panee, thence diminishing in size and frequen- 

 cy. Polygonum Rheoides becomes abundant towards a height of 

 5,200 feet, when Pyrus, an apple-like species, and Spiraeas make 

 their appearance at 5,300 feet. On the Kala Panee, Bucklandia 

 re- appears, but thence would seem to cease : on the brow of 

 the ascent from this, Pedicularis appears in abundance among 

 grasses, with it Sphacele ? At the same height, which cannot be less 

 than 5,400 feet, Carduus or Cnicus, appears. Solidago commences 

 in the valley of the Kala Panee, but becomes more abundant at higher 

 elevations. Sanguisorba appears at 5,400 feet, but in small quantities, 

 and at this height Anisadenia recommences. Epilobium appears at 

 5,300 feet, continues at the same elevation to Moflong, where it is com- 

 mon. On the descent to the Boga Panee, an European form of 

 Euphorbia appears at 5,000 feet with Viola Patrinia and a Galium 

 asperum. Hieracium appears at about the same height. Cuscuta is 

 very common from 5 to 5,500 feet, continuing even to Moflong; the 

 scales of this genus are, it appears to me, mere appendages of the 

 filaments, and not due to non-development or suppression of parts. 

 Erythrina, which is found about Churra, is seen on the road to Kala 

 Panee, apparently quite wild; altitude 5,200 feet: it recommences at 

 Moflong, where it is common about villages, but never exceeds the 

 size of a small tree. Commelina bengalensis ? continues throughout 

 here and there, and may be found even about Moflong. 



The most striking change occurs, however, in the Pines, which, 

 although of small stature, exist in abundance on the north side of the 

 Boga Panee ; so far as may be judged of by the naked eye, they dis- 

 appear on this side, about a mile to the westward, very few cross the 

 torrent, and few indeed are found 100 feet above its bed on the south 

 side. I took the height of the bed of this torrent. Temperature of the 

 air 72° ; water boiled at 204° ; which gives the height about 4,400 feet. 

 Between Surureem and the Boga Panee, many new plants occur ; 

 grasses continue, as also at Moflong, the prevailing feature. The prin- 

 cipal new ones occur on the descent, consisting of two large Andro- 

 pogons, one closely allied to A. schseranthus and a tall Anthistiria 

 habitu A. arundinacea ; a beautiful Saccharum occurs here and there, 

 especially before reaching the Kala Panee and the Gramina Bromoi- 

 dea, which is the only really European form. On the Kala Panee, 

 scarcely any Podostemon griffithia ; except a few small ones, very few 



