MADDER. 



209 



This day I gathered about 130 species, the march was really 

 delightful. The plants marked thus* indicate elevation. 



Madder is furnished by both Rubia munjista and R. cordifolia, these 

 species are quite distinct, the latter affecting greater elevations than 

 the former, scarcely descending below 4,000 feet. 



Scarcely any water occurred on the route ; from just above Khe- 

 gumpa, a beautiful valley is seen to the left, with a good deal of culti- 

 vation. No large villages were seen. 



