214 



BOOTAN. 



usual grasses and noble Pines. The brown bird with crooked bill was 

 heard here. 



At 500 feet above the torrent Menispermum, Bidens albiflora, 

 Megala, Leptospartion, Verbenacea, Plumbaginea, Mucuna, Desmo- 

 dium hispidum and Ficus were seen as before : Phyllanthus, Emblica, 

 and Grislea occurred at 800 feet : Grewia at 1,000 feet : and Osbeckia 

 linearis occurred at 1,200 feet in rocky places ; with Poa, Cynosuroides 

 of Churra, and Bassia at 1,300 feet, with Emblica, Labiata sudyensis, 

 Osbeckia nepalensis, Ficus. 



On rounding the ridge to the east, which is 200 feet above this 

 place Sassee, we came on a forest of oak, Rhododendron, Viburnum, 

 Pothos.pinnatus. 



January 26th. — Sassee. Our coolies left us here, they are not very 

 good ones, not equal to Khasyah, they are however merry, and 

 whistle or sing when tired, their feet are generally naked, but occa- 

 sionally they wear leathern sandals. Thermometer 60° : water boiled 

 at 204J°: altitude 4,109 feet. 



About this place I first met with Thlaspi bursa pastoris, Malva 

 rotundifolia also occurs, Ligustrum, Adhatoda! Euphorbia ramis 

 4-gonis, foliis ? in spinis abeuntibus ! Bambusa, Urtica urentior, Ge- 

 ranium, Rumex of Khegumpa, Pancratium or Crinum ! Peristropha 

 triflora, Holcus elegans, Pteris aquilina both Artemisias, Panicum 

 cynosuroides ! Stemodium ruderalis ! Callicarpa arborea ! Cerasus, 

 Pyrus indica and malus, Barleria prionitis ! Ervum, Hedychium 

 coronarioides ! in wet places, Buchanania, Peperomia, Moschosma ! 

 Dendrobium ! Thibaudia myrtifolia, Gordonia, Dioscorcse ! Tetran- 

 theroid arbor magna, Pinus longifolia, Quercus, 2-sp. Rhus, Citrus 

 also is found. Thus the mixture of forms is nearly excessive, those 

 marked ! thus indicate usually low elevations. Rubia cordifolum. 



The whole four leaves of this plant are petiolate, but one pair is 

 perhaps always unequal, one occasionally abortive, I look upon this as 

 a proof that the so-called stipulse of Stellatse are real leaves. There 

 is this difference then between Rubiacese and Stellatse, the one has 

 covered buds, the other not. The development of the lamine before 

 the petiole is particularly conspicuous in this plant. 



Buck-wheat with trisulcate seeds, and Cannabis sativa are found 

 here ; barley is cultivated. 



January 21th. — Sassee : temperature 58°, big metal thermometer. 

 Tomato found here ; Leptospartion ascends woody ravines as far as 

 this ; of birds, the larger dove is abundant ; Verbena officinalis. 



