BAILFA OR BULPHAI. 



219 



feet above the nullah, Indigofera reaches the top. In a sheltered 

 place here I found a beautiful Gaultheria ; a small Campanula occurs 

 on the rocks at from 1,000 feet upwards. 



Bailfa or Bulphai. — This place is 6,808 feet above the level of the 

 sea, yet on the east and south are mountains towering far above it. 

 Snow is said to fall in February, but sparingly — the hills around are 

 bleak, thinly vegetated, except those on the south of the Geerea, 

 which are more wooded. There are only a few houses. Turnips and 

 barley are cultivated here, and in these fields may be found a Crucife- 

 rous annual, and probably a small species of Lamium. The chief 

 cultivation is visible in the valleys below. Buckwheat is among the 

 number. 



January 29th. — To-day I sallied out a few hundred yards to the 

 west, on turning over the ridge, the south side of which is so bleak, 

 thinly covered with Q. lanata and Rhododendrons, I found myself 

 in a thick shady jungle, the chief tree being a species of oak, widely 

 different from Q. lanata. The trees and shrubs are loaded with 

 mosses, especially pendulous Neckerae, Daltoniae, Hypne ; Hookeria, 

 Fissidens, etc. occurred on the ground. 1 imagine, I gathered twenty- 

 five species of mosses here. Ferns were likewise abundant ; 1 noticed 

 Daphne papyracea, Berberis asiatica, Conyza nivea, Smilax rus- 

 coides, CEschynanthus venosus, Hedera, Ophiopogon linearis, O. 

 latifolius, Cymbidium veridiflorum, Ardisia crenata, Carex, Piper ! 

 Clematis, Gordonia, Spiraea decomposita, Composita volkamerifolia, 

 Cissus, Smilax, Bambusa microphylla, Viburna, as before. Gaylussa- 

 cia serrata and microphylla, the former in fruit. Thibaudia lance - 

 olata, buxifolia, Gaultheria of yesterday. 



On the exposed face Santalacea, Gentiana, Hypericum decussatum 

 of Moflong, Leucas ciliata, Ischaemum pygmaeum, on Rhododendron, 

 Loranthus obovatus. The mosses of this side were Brachymenium, 

 Tortula, Famaria, Trichostomum, Neckerae, Polytrichum fuscum, Zy- 

 godon ? Dendrobium and Otochilus, occur here. A stray and small 

 Abies occurs on the ridge itself. 



About the village of Bailfa occur Urtica urens, Artemisia major, 

 Saccharum aristatum, Rubus triphyllus, Senecio scandens, Rumex, 

 Chickweed, Stemodia ruderailis, Lactucoidea murorum, Carduus, 

 Phlomoides, Rubus deltoidifolies, Achyranthoid, densa. 



January 30th. — Thermometer at 7 a. m. 40°. The houses here are 

 roofed with split bamboos, and they are tied on by rattans, a pre- 

 caution rendered necessary by the boisterous winds which prevail. 



