JAISA. 



265 



well determined. They may be expressed as follows : A. densa, 10 to 

 13,000 feet, A. spinulosa, 9 to 10,500 feet, A. pendula, 6 to 9,000 feet, 

 Melanthus, 9,500 feet, Acer sterculiaceum, 9,800 to 10,000 feet, Thi- 

 baudia orbicularis, 10,000 feet, A. cedroides, 9,000 to 9,800 feet, 

 Rosa microphylla, 9,800 to 13,000 feet, Pedicularis, 10 to 12,500 feet, 

 Hydrangea, 4 to 10,000 feet unless two species are confounded, Bap- 

 tisia, 9 to 9,800 feet, Berberis spathulata, 9 to 10,000 feet. 



Jaisa is a good sized village for Bootan, and the houses are rather 

 large. We were lodged in the castle, a large building, with a capaci- 

 ous flagged court- yard, surrounded by galleries : we were housed 

 in the grand floor of the higher portion fronting the gate. A good 

 deal of wheat cultivation occurs around. The village is situated in 

 a small nullah, surrounded on all sides by pine-clad hills. The 

 vegetation is precisely the same as at Juggur, with the exception of 

 a Ligustrum, which is common along the nullah. Larks, red-legged 

 crows and ravens, abound here. 



March 5th. — Our march consisted of a progress along levelish 

 ground up the river, occasionally rounding small eminences : we then 

 commenced the ascent of a ridge, the summit of which we reached 

 about half past-twelve. Snow is common above 9,000 feet. The 

 descent was steep and uninterrupted from about 2,000 feet, when we 

 reached a small river. Thence we ascended a little to descend again, 

 we continued over a ravine at nearly the same level, for sometime 

 proceeding over undulated ground : on reaching the debouchure of the 

 ravine into a larger one running north and south, we commenced 

 to descend rapidly until we came to an elevation situated above Tongsa, 

 to this place the descent was excessively steep. The march was 

 thirteen miles long, the direction west. 



At a temple near Jaisa found the Juniper of Oongar in flower, and 

 arboreous, attaining a height of about 40 feet. The whole march up, 

 nearly to the summit, was through pine woods, A. pendula and 

 spinulosa being intermixed for sometime. I noticed Primula glo- 

 bifera, Eucalypta, Thibaudia orbicularis, Aruncus, Rosa ramis his- 

 pidis, Dipsacus, Prunella, Potentilla, Gnaphalium, Sphagnum, Daphne 

 papyracea, Tofieldia, Gaultheria nummularoides, as we approached 

 the base of the ridge or rather the spot at which the ascent com- 

 menced. At this place Abies cedroides commenced, and Abies pen- 

 dula became uncommon. 



On a bank here, I gathered abundance of mosses, Bartramia, 

 Dicrana, etc. and some Jungermanniae. 



2 m 



