SANTAGOUNG. 279 



distance six miles ; the greatest descent was about 1,800 feet, ascent 

 1 ,000 feet ; the country naked ; no forest. The hills for some extent 

 towards Thain appeared from some cause very red. 



But little interesting vegetation occurred : noticed a huge Gupressus 

 pendula, half-way to the Gnee. Vegetation otherwise much the same 

 as towards Tassgong, Valeriana violaefolia, Azalea, Campanula linearis, 

 Rubus deltoides, Aspidium macroser., Artemisia major, Pinus longifo- 

 lia straggling, only plentiful near Thain, Anthistiria minor ! Primula 

 Stuartii, Mimulus, Gentiana pumila, Alnus, Flemingia secunda, 

 Morus rubeseoides, Salix, Quercus, Viburnum microphyllum. 



At the river Csesalpinia ! Ficus obliqua ! Desmodium, Salix, 

 Indigofera cana, Arundo, Luculia. 



On the ascent Holcus, Elseagnus, Santalacea, Clematis cana, Sene- 

 cionoides, Conyza vulgaris, Emblica, Schaenanthus, Phyllanthus ruber, 

 Q. tomentosa, Desmodium vestilum, Briedleia obovata ! Nerium 

 canum, Euphorbia antiquorum, Jasminum of Benka, Ligustrum 

 conaria, Mesp. microphyllus (are these two species confounded by me, 

 as the larger-leaved one never descends so low?), Lerissoides, Os- 

 beckia linearis, Euphorbia, Gordonia, Gymnobotrys. Red-legged 

 crow; in descent altitude 5,800 feet, the most common plant is a 

 species of Berberis very nearly allied to B. asiatica. Rain in the 

 afternoon. 



March 29th. — Mimulus, Acorus Calamus, Quercus robur, Rhodo- 

 dendron minus, P. longifolia, Gymnobotrys, Campanula linearifolia, 

 Rosa tetrapetala, Gordonia, Salix, Verbena officinalis, majus, rugus, 

 Lemna, Gentiana, Hypericum japonica, Indigofera cana, Schamanthus, 

 Senecio, Buddlea of Nulka, Pyrus, wheat, Ervum, Vicia, Potentilla, 

 Q. tomentosa, Cypressus, Ficus, Berberis, Phyllanthus ruber. 



Blackbird, sparrow-hawk, and Hoopoe about houses ; it has a curi- 

 ous hoop, varied with a grating chirp. 



The blackbird frequents houses here ; its voice is very discordant 

 and singular, sparrow-hawks were seen to pursue wounded pigeons. 

 Houses few, built of unbaked and large bricks or rather cakes of mud. 

 The village of Wandipore is visible to the south-west, about one and 

 a half mile. Snow on ridges to west, all which are lofty. The 

 country around Wandipore is tolerably populous, though not so much 

 so as about Santagoung. 



We were compelled to halt at Phain or Thain, until the 1st instant, 

 owing to the admirable management of the Bhooteas. It appeared at 

 first as if the Zoompoor or Governor of Wandipore was determined 



