BAIIAWULPORE. 



cnicoideus, Prenanthoid, the Furas, larger Babool, and Calotropis 

 Hamiltonii continue. Radishes very common, as also Teera Meera. 



2\st. — Halted about S coss from Bahawulpore. The Khan's son, 

 a boy of 8 years, came to see Mr. Macnaghten, and saluted him with 

 " good night," he was attended by about twelve indifferent pony 

 suwars, or horsemen. The river is very tortuous, both banks a good 

 deal cultivated ; there appear to be a good many canals, which have 

 high banks owing to the excavated soil being piled up : they are 8 or 10 

 feet deep, and about 20 feet wide, at this season they are nearly dry, 

 becoming filled during the rains. The same plants continue — Furas, 

 Jhow, Chenopodia 2, Reseda, Linaria, Malva, Boraginea, Lactucoidea. 

 The wheat throughout these countries is sown broad- cast. Irrigation 

 is effected by means of small ditches, and squares formed in the fields 

 — each partition being banked in, so as to prevent communication ; 

 when one is filled, the water is allowed to pass off into its neighbour, 

 and so on. Irrigation is entirely effected by Persian wheels ; the cattle 

 are hoodwinked in order to keep them quiet : besides from not seeing, 

 they are led to imagine that the driver is always at his post, which 

 is immediately behind the oxen and on the curved flat timber which 

 puts the whole apparatus in motion. Saw a man cross the river by 

 means of a mushuk or inflated skin. The very common bushy plant 

 with thorns and ligulate leaves which commences to appear about 

 Hazaribagh and continues in abundance throughout the sandy north- 

 west, is, judging from its fruit, which is a moniliform legume — a 

 Papilionacea ; the fruit are borne by the short spine- terminated 

 branches : the stalk of the pod is surrounded for the most part by a 

 cupuliform membranous calyx. I have only seen however withered 

 specimens. Reached Bahawul ghat at 1 p. m. The Khan visited 

 Mr. Macnaghten in the afternoon, his visit was preceded by one 

 from his Hindoo minister, and another man, Imaam Shah, who is a 

 very fat ruffianly- looking fellow. The Khan was attended by numer- 

 ous suwarries ; he is a portly looking, middle-aged man. 



22nd. — We returned the visit to-day, the Khan having provided us 

 with one horse and two bullock rhuts : we traversed the sandy bank 

 of the river for about a mile before we reached the town, the 

 suburbs of which are extensive, but very straggling, and thinly peo- 

 pled. The inner town seemed to be of some extent, the streets 

 narrow, the houses very poor, and almost entirely of mud ; there were 

 a number of shops, and the streets were lined with men and a few 

 old women. There is very little distinction in appearance between 



