KOJHUK TASS. 



407 



All the mountains in this direction have rounded shapes or outlines, 

 the precipices variously curved, the surfaces are thus formed by the 

 action of water on the outer strata ; when this is once exposed, the 

 changes appear often rapid, as may be imagined in a country of 

 such low winter temperature. Caves occur in the Erak valley, chiefly 

 situated in a dirty white conglomerate. 



Bar. 21-937, Therm. 69°. 



. Erak. 



• 22 130. 



Bar. 22702 . 



Zohawk. . . . • . • 



* 



Sth. — Halted and encamped eight miles up the Erak ravine on a 

 swardy spot : the road easy, ascent bad in some places, but generally 

 good, particularly for the latter part of the march : the rocks in some 

 places rising in abrupt rugged cliffs, generally rounded, slaty. We 

 passed one mass of snow about two miles from camp, botany good, 

 especially about the snow; so much so, that it employed me all day. 



Caragana appears at about 10,000 feet, a Tamerioid of large sta- 

 ture in abundance, Asphodelus, not as I thought a Mesembryan- 

 themum, but a beautiful and very distinct species ; see Catalogue for 

 other plants. 



Our camp is within one and a half mile of the head of the Erak 

 ravine, where snow occurs in two large masses ; patches of snow also 

 occur on the ridge or a little below it; these ridges rise about 1,200 

 to 1,500 feet above us. 



Unsettled evening, snow during night on all the ridges about us ; 

 with frozen sleet in camp. Thermometer at 6 a. m. 31°. 



Large round-tailed eagle seen. 



Barometer 20* 164, thermometer 61°; boiling point of Wollast. 

 new thermometer ; barometer 650, old ditto 555 3. 



Swardy plants. Parnassia, Swertia, Gentiana, Carices, Composita 

 coronata, Primula, Labiata, Menthoides, Caprifoliacea ! Pedicularis, 

 Umbelliferee. 



Plants of hill sides Asphodelus, Leguminosse alter, a Nakhood 

 Moschata, Nakhood Labaria violacea, Mulgedioid, Euphorbia, Astra- 

 galus prior, alter., Pedicularis, Onosma versicolor, Boraginea, stamens 

 exserted. 



9th. — Proceeded to Kurzar, eight miles up a ravine to the left or 

 eastward, about one and a half mile, then the steep ascent of the pass ; 



