408 



KALLO PASS. 



thence the descent was as steep for 800 feet, then gradually down a 

 swardy ravine until we came to the Kurzar ravine, which we followed 

 till we reached the Choky. The road good; the acsent for 1,000 

 feet is very steep, the soil good, hills rounded, here and there slate 

 rocks outcropping. No change in vegetation. Passed a mass of 

 snow : abundance of snow on the summit where the mercury in the 

 Bar. stood at 19'200; thermometer 58°; boiling point of Wollast. 

 new thermometer; Bar. 648.5, old 539' 1, this being the highest spot 

 we have visited. 



The vegetation of the summit presents no change from that of the 

 rocks and hill sides 1,500 feet below. There is a good deal of vege- 

 tation, Carduacece, Statices, Astragali, a few tufted grasses forming 

 the great bulk, Nakhood rare on the Kurzar side, 500 feet down, 

 Statice becomes most abundant, it is curious that on the sward of 

 this side, neither Fumariacese, nor Campanula were observed, Silene 

 fimbriata one species. 



Caragana all about, even at Kurzar in ravines ; Primula abundant, 

 also Swertise, generally all four plants are found at the Hajeeguk 

 snow ravine, and may be found between this and Erak, with some 

 interesting novelties. The distance to Bamean by both routes is 

 within two miles of the same, the Kulloo-Rood being the shorter, 

 but Hajeeguk the best road. That of the Kulloo river is followed 

 to Zohawk. The weather unsettled with showers of hail, clouds 

 and sunshine : and heavy gusts of wind occasionally from Kohi-Baba, 

 whose eastern extremity comes in sight after entering the Kurzar 

 ravine. No view from the summit of the pass. 



Bar. 19-200. Therm. 58°. 

 + 



All streams on this side . . 



flow south. . • 



Halt. Bar. 20-164, Therm. 61°. 



+ 



Erak. 



+ Kurzar. -f- 



Pedicularis, Campanula, Rubiaceee, Hippuris in flower, Phleum, Car- 

 duacea of Yonutt, Cnicus of Koti-Ashruf, Pulmonaria, corolla tubi- 

 form, Euphorbia linearifolia, Composita dislocata, Cardamina lutea. 



10th. — Proceeded to the Helmund, thirteen and a half miles; the 

 only novelty met with is a curious spring about half-way between 



