492 



PESHAWUR TO LMIORE. 



Cultivation is conducted in Bheir fences, and consists of Indian- 

 corn, Bajra, and cotton. 



From the Attock hills, the Indus is seen much divided by beds of 

 sand, and churs or islands covered with a large purple Saccharum. 

 Peganum continues to Attock and even extends beyond. 



Water plants of Chuch, Trapa, Valisneria verticillata, and'Nym- 

 phsca. 



Shumshbad. — This town lies to the left of the road, one mile in 

 the rear of my encampment. 



The spines of Barleria are evidently axillary, as is seen in young 

 branches, probably they represent the lower pair of leaves of the 

 lateral branches, the terminal parts of which have a tendency to 

 develope. 



The spines of Mimosa belong evidently to the same exertion as the 

 leaf ; they are connate at the base, and from the centre of this har- 

 dened part, arises the leaf ; they may be either the lower pinnae, or 

 they may be spurious stipuke. The leaves developed within the true 

 ones belong to an ill- developed branch. True stipulse are leaves 

 with a distinct origin. Spurious stipulae belong to their leaves, as is 

 evident from their not having a distinct origin. 



20th. — Hussun Abdul. Until we came near the Boorhan valley, 

 the road passed over a high, dry, sandy plain, with no cultivation, 

 and no water, then the descent took place through picturesque 

 raviny ground with a few isolated mounds, to a fine clear stream. 

 The remaining part extended either along the cultivation of the 

 Boorhan valley, or through similar raviny ground. Two streams 

 were passed, the last is the Hussun Abdul river. 



The vegetation of the high plain continues the same. Bheir, Mi- 

 mosa, Kureel, ^Erua, Mudar, Andropogoneee, Pommereullia, CEgilops, 

 Salvia, and Crotalaria aphylla. 



Among the ravines and thence to Hussun Abdul, a new feature 

 presents itself in the frequency of a largish Mimosa, probably that of 

 the Khybur pass. This forms prettily wooded scenery, the white 

 thorned Mimosa also occurs, Moacurra none, Euonymus, Bheir. 



About Boorhan a Ficus becomes very common, Achyranthes, Kochia 

 fructibus parvis, Salvia, Serratuloid of Ali-Baghan and Ichardeh. 

 Paganum common — Adhatoda and Vitex. In scenery the country 

 is pretty, particularly after passing the last river : a dampish spot was 

 passed at Bhowli : a lage Acacia, Melanoxylon and Pteris were found 

 on the river banks. Dodoneea seen on low hills near Bhowli, as also 



