510 



LOODIANAH TO SIMLA . 



Descent to the Gumbur the same. Pyrus pomum appears, Carandas, 

 Anatherum muricatura, Briedleioides common. Along the Gumbur 

 river, Pyrus, Adhatoda, Mimosa, Dalbergia sissoo, Myrtacese, Euphor- 

 bia, etc. continue as before. 



Between Nalighur and the commencement of the descent to the 

 Gumbur, and especially between the Sursa and that descent, the 

 chief vegetation is tropical grasses, such as Andropogons. Along 

 the Gumbur, the hills are well covered with tall bushes. Carandas 

 common, but little if any grass. 



Fossil shells are found along the Gumbur. Of birds Pica vagans, 

 Hcematornis, and several Sylvias were observed. 



About Sahi, young Pinus longifolia ; all around, the hills are of the 

 same aspect. No fish were seen in the Gumbur, although I crossed 

 it several times. The view of the plains shows the commencement 

 of the great chain stretching out in low, very much undulated hillocks, 

 precisely as in Khorassan. 



29th. — Proceeded from Syree to Konyar : this I think the longest 

 of the marches to Loodianah, and is nothing but one series of 

 ascents and descents chiefly along the Gumbur ravine : at the foot 

 of ascent to the Konyar, the road crosses a considerable stream, and 

 nearly at the summit of the ascent, branches off" to Soobathoo. 



Konyar is a rather large village, well ornamented with trees, in 

 rather a fine sort of valley, every inch of which is cultivated. The 

 tank adjacent to the village is well stocked with Nelumbium. 



To Syree, the distance is eight and a half to nine miles. The 

 road crosses the Konyar village and valley, then ascends to the 

 south-east, and continues ascending gradually by an excellent road 

 for a considerable way, then it skirts a ridge and comes on the grand 

 Soobathoo road. From this a short but steep ascent, followed by a 

 descent of a mile and a quarter, conducts you to the bungalow. 



No change occurs in the vegetation. The hills are more grassy 

 and more bare of trees, especially near Syree, but this is partly 

 owing to cultivation. The principal woody feature is Euphorbia 

 antiquorum. 



The plants before noticed occur throughout, except about 

 Syree, where scarcely a shrub is to be seen, nothing but burnt up 



grasses. 



At Sahee, Roylea appears, also an odd-looking Modeeca and a 

 Deeringia. Near these is also an Asplenium, Echites. At Konyar, 

 Prinsepia appears, and continues becoming more and more frequent 



