76 JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



small type, and there is much room for improvement in their 

 average size. Blenheim Pippin and Worcester Pearmain, when 

 at their best, make very handsome dishes of dessert ; while all 

 those of the Golden Pippin type are, as a rule, not a profitable 

 crop, and, although of fine flavour, are insignificant in appear- 

 ance. Court of Wick, Court Pendu Plat, Kerry Pippin, Scarlet 

 Nonpareil, Thorle, and Yellow Ingestrie, are all first-rate apples 

 in every point except size. Cox's Orange Pippin, Ribston 

 Pippin, Claygate Pearmain, Duke of Devonshire, Mannington's 

 Pearmain, are generally of a fair size, and first-rate dessert 

 apples in their seasons. 



Of culinary apples there is a much more satisfactory choice ; 

 and all of the first twenty varieties usually attain to over medium 

 size, and may be profitably grown in all districts suitable for 

 apples. There are also a number of very fine culinary apples 

 among the " next thirty varieties," especially some of the newer 

 varieties, and several of them may prove equal to, or better than 

 some in the first "twenty," in favourable localities, or under 

 peculiar circumstances. In cold districts, and at high altitudes, 

 the following are among the best varieties that are generally 

 found to thrive well : Irish Peach, Devonshire Quarrenden, Oslin, 

 Thorle, Kerry Pippin, King of the Pippins, Golden Reinette, 

 Cambusnethan, Paradise Pippin, Downton Pippin, Court of 

 Wick, Court Pendu Plat, dessert apples ; and Early Julien, 

 Keswick Codlin, Duchess of Oldenburg, Ecklinville, Aitkin's 

 Seedling, Cellini, Stirling Castle, Tower of Glamis, Warner's 

 King, Yorkshire Greening, Alfriston, and Wellington, culinary 

 apples. 



The selections given are by no means exhaustive of the good 

 varieties of apples ; and there are some excellent local varieties 

 which thrive well in their native districts, and a few of which, 

 as they become wider known, will probably become popular in 

 other parts of the country. Many varieties with a good reputa- 

 tion in more southern latitudes are quite worthless in Scotland, 

 and are never met with in anything like their best form. Not- 

 ably so is this the case with such fine English apples as Bess 

 Pool, Hoary Morning, London Pippin, Welford Park Nonesuch, 

 Belle Josephine, Winter Majetin, and others of a like nature, 

 which are seldom if ever seen in a passable state of either size 

 or quality. 



The best pears require special treatment and the highest 

 cultivation to have them in first-rate perfection in most parts of 

 Scotland. In a few favourable districts, such as the best parts 

 of the valleys of the Tweed, Clyde, Forth, and Tay, and in a few 

 other parts lying below 300 feet of altitude, many first-rate 

 varieties of pears thrive well and bear freely in the open ground, 

 as bushes, pyramids, and standards ; but in all other parts they 

 require the protection of walls to bring them to perfection. 



