APftlL H, 1880 ] 



FOREST AMD STREAM. 



2SB 



Couxtv of Park. I 

 Territory of Montana, | v * 



Personally appeared before me, R. T. Smith) a notary public in 

 and for said county, one James J. Pearson, who being duly sworn 

 according to law deposes and says that be is a soldier in tbe ser- 

 vice of tbe United States stationed at Camp Sheridan, Mammoth 

 Hot Springs, Wyoming Territory, that on or about the 13th day 

 of August, 1Si*8, being at that time on duty at the Grand Caiion of 

 the Yellowstone, for the purpose of enforcing the rules and regu- 

 lations of the Yellowstone National Park, he met and conversed 

 with two Indians, a buck and a squaw, near the Grand Canon; 

 that these Indians said that they were Bannock Indians, anclthat 

 thev came from Beaver Caiion, which is a station on the Utah 

 Northern Railroad, west of the Yellowstone National Park; thiit 

 they were both mounted, and had wiih them a pack animal, the 

 buck being armed with a rifle; and further the deponent sayeth 

 not. James J. Pearson. 



Subscribed and sworn to before 



me this Mth day of February, 



1889, R. T. Smith, Notary Public. 



County of Pabk, I 

 Territory of Montana. ) M- 



Personally appeared before me, R. T. Smith, a notary public in 

 and for said county, one Edward Wilson, who being sworn accord- 

 ing to law, deposes and says, that 9ince the mouth of May, 1857, he 

 has been employed in the military service of the United States as 

 a scout and guide for the protection of the Yellowstone National 

 Park, and that for several years previous he had been employed 

 under the Department of the Interior as a game keeper and 

 assistant superintendent in the Yellowstone National Park; that 

 he is well acquainted with all of the region of country ad ja.cent. to 

 the said Park and with the boundaries of the same as far as de- 

 termined. 



The deponent further swears that on or about the 7th day of 

 September, 18SS, he was in company with Saddler Joseph M. 

 Loynes, Troop M. 1st U. S. Cavalry, on Snake River, Wyoming 

 Territory, about four miles south of the Park line, and at that 

 point he saw a camp of Indians, consisting of three lodges, and 

 numbering, as estimated, about twenty-five people, men, women 

 and children; that these Indians stated that they were Bannock 

 Indians from Salmon City, and that there were four Judges of 

 Bannock Indians from Fort Hall, about two and one-half miles 

 further down on the west side of the river; that he went near 

 enough to the last named camp to see the lodges but did not enter 

 it; that these Indians had large quantities of elk meat in their 

 camp and stated that they had been in that vicinity about ten 

 days, and were engaged in hunting; that at this time two large 

 forest tires were raging in the adjacent country, one some distance 

 south of the camp of these Indians, and one to the north and west 

 of their camp, near the edge of the Park; and that from his 

 knowledge of the habits of these Indians, he thinks it probable 

 that these fires were either intentionally started by them or that 

 they originated through their careless use of fife; and further the 

 deponent sayeth not. Edward WmsoN. 



Subscribed and sworn to before 

 me this 4th day of February, 

 1889. R. T. Smith, Notary Public. 



County of Park, / 

 Territory of Montana, ( ti>- 



Personally appeared before me, R. T. Smith, a notary public 

 in and for said county, one Joseph M. Loynes, who being duly 

 sworn according to law, deposes and says that he is a soldier in 

 the service of tbe United States, holding the rank of Saddler in 

 Troop M, 1st Cavalry, stationed at Camp Sheridan, Mammoth 

 Hot Springs, Wyoming Territory, and that on or about the 7th 

 day of September, 1888, he then being on a scout for the purpose 

 of enforcing the rules and regulat ions of the YellowstoneNational 

 Park, in company with Mr. Edward Wilson, a scout and guide in 

 the employ of the Government, found a party of Indians in camp 

 on Snake River in Wyoming Territory, the party being divided 

 into two bands, one. of three lodges being camped on the east 

 bank of the river, about four miles south of the Yellowstone 

 Park, and the other of four lodges some two miles or more down 

 the river on the opposite bank; that these Indians said that they 

 were Bannocks from Lemhi and Fort Hall, and that they had 

 been in that vicinity ten days; that they stated that they were 

 engaged in hunting and that he saw a large quantity of elk meat 

 in their camp. 



The deponent further swears that at this time two forest fires 

 were raging in the vicinity of these Indian camps, one very large 

 one some distance to the south, and one less extensive to the north 

 and west and near the south line of the Park; and further the 

 deponent sayeth not. Joseph M. Loynes. 



Subscribed and sworn to before 

 me this 6th day of February, 

 1889. R. T. Smith, Notary Public. 



County of Pabk, i 

 Territory of Montana, j ' ' 



Personally appeared before me, R. T» Smith, notary public in 

 and for said county, one Charles H. Stuart, who beiiui duly 

 sworn according to law, deposes and says that he is a resident of 

 Mammoth Hot Springs, Wyoming Territory, and that he is asso- 

 ciated with the lesset s, Helen L. and Walter J. Henderson of that 

 place in the Yellowstone National Park, in the business of hotel 

 keeping and the outfitting of tourists and hunting parties; that 

 he was for several years employed with the division of the U. S. 

 Geological Survey in the Yellowstone National Park under Mr. 

 Arnold Hague, aud that he is well acquainted with the country in 

 and adjacent to the Yellowstone National Park and the bound- 

 aries of said Park as far as they are determined; that on or about 

 the 15th day of September, 1888, being at the time in company 

 with Mr. Frank C. Crocker, of Portland, Maine, he saw a party of 

 Indians in camp on Snake River, there being two separate camps., 

 - one of three lodges on the east bank of the river, about four miles 

 from the Park line, and one of four lodges further down the liver 

 on the opposite bank; tliat he camped near these Indians and con- 

 versed with them both in their camps and in his own, that they 

 stated that they were Bannocks, and that one band was from 

 Fort Hall and that the other was from Salmon City, and that they 

 were engaged in hunting on Huckleberry Mountain, which is 

 near the Park line, and in conversation they stated that they had 

 been instructed not to go near the Park, and asked where the 

 Park line was; and that upon being told expressed surprise that 

 it was so near to them; that he saw a large quantity of elk meat 

 and some hides in their camp. The deponent further swears that 

 at this time two forest fires were raging in this vicinity. One in 

 the country south of the Indians' camps and one to the Vest near 

 the south line of the Yellowstone National Park; and further the 

 deponent sayeth not. Charles H. Stuart. 



Subscribed and sworn to before 



me this 5th day of February, 



1889. R. T. Smith, Notary Public 



About the 21st of August, 1887, under orders from Capt. Moses 

 Harris, 1st Cav., Comdg. Camp Sheridan, Wyoming, 1 made a 

 reconnoissance of the country just outlying the Yellowstone 

 Park, at the northern portion ot the western boundary. In 

 accordance with my instructions, the object of this scout was to 

 discover the presence of hunting parties of Indians (Bannocks) 

 reported to have been seen in that locality or en route there, and 

 to return them to their reservation. After three days I found a 

 party from the Lemhi Agency, encamped about three or four 

 miles from the western boundary line, near the head waters of the 

 Gallatin River. They had been one day in camp and had killed 

 quite a number of elk. With good rifles and ammunition, over a 

 hundred fine looking ponies, within such easy access of the Park 

 —and judging from the amount of elk meat already in camp— 

 their facilities for slaughtering game within the Park limits 

 seemed the best possible. I ordered these Indians back to their 

 reservation, and told them they would not be allowed to hunt in 

 the vicinity of the Park. They promised to return and started 

 the following morning; in tbe morning I also started back to the 

 Lower Basin to report my action to Capt. Harris. I had no confi- 

 dence, however, that these Indians would return to the reserva- 

 tion, believing that they would only change the locality of their 

 camp, and continue to hunt in the vicinty of the Park line, where, 

 on one side or the other, they were certain to find abundance of 

 game. 



On my way back to the Lower Basin I passed a man on the road 

 traveling in a covered wagon: he hailed me, said he was the Agent 

 at the Lemhi Agency, and asked if I had seen any of his Indians 

 hunting in that vicinity. He also said he had made inquiry of 

 some men living on the road, at Henry's Lake, and could get no 

 information. 



I told him that I had been sent out by Capt. Harris to intercept 

 Indians who were coming to hunt in the Park, and had found a 

 party of about fourteen (bucks and squaws) just outside of the 

 Park limits; that they had killed quite a number of elk, and that, 



• although they had promised to return at once to the agency, I 

 believed they had no such intention, and would continue to hunt 

 in the vicinity and would in all probability go into the Park, where 

 the elk were most plentiful. 



In answer to his inquiries, I gave him directions, for finding 



• these Indians; telling him it would be necessary to proceed most 



of the way mounted, hut the trail was fresh and very plain. He 

 said he was unaccustomed to riding, and could not possibly make 

 such a journey; that a ride of ten miles (I think that is the dis- 

 tance) would wear him out completely. He said he would proceed 

 on to tho hotel and confer with Capt. Harris. 



At the hotel Lower Basin I reported by telephone to Capt. Har- 

 ris, relating all the circumstances, as nearly as possible over a 

 badly working wire, and he ordered me to return to the post. 



Whether or not this agent communicated with Capt. Harris from 

 the Lower Basin I do not know. I got the impression that he was 

 not at all concerned about his Indians. At that time and subse- 

 quently he appeared to me like a tourist and pleasure seeker, but 

 not like a government official in the discharge of bis duties. Ac- 

 cording to my recollection this man made the regular tour of the 

 Park and took his departure thence without having spoken to 

 Capt. Harris of the business which was the ostensible cause of his 

 presence there. I cannot assert this positively at the present 

 time, but I do remember distinctly that his con<ruct was dis- 

 cussed; that Capt. Harris and myself both pronounced him 

 guilty of negiect of duty, because he. had made no effort, and 

 shown no desire to control the actions of these Indians for whom 

 he was responsible. Geo. W. Goode. 2d Lt. 1st, Cav. 



Ft. Magtnnis, M. T., Feb. 5. 1889. 



Editor Forest and Stream: 



I trust that through your paper some effective protest 

 will be made against allowing Indians from the reserva- 

 tions to use the Yellowstone National Park for a hunting 

 ground. At present bands of roaming savages bid fair to 

 destroy not only all the game, but also all the forests. 

 Every Indian hunting party habitually starts forest fires, 

 which destroy vast quantities of woodland. The forest 

 fires started by these roving bands have caused such de- 

 vastation as to become a serious menace to all the settled 

 districts. The water supply is a matter of vital conse- 

 quence to the settlers on the plains near the Rockies, and 

 nothing interferes with it so seriously as the destruction 

 of the woods. It is urgently necessary that these bands 

 be restrained; they should never be allowed off the reser- 

 vation unless a responsible white man is with them, 

 Capt. Harris has done all he could for the Park. I hope 

 the Indian Department will back him up more efficiently 

 than it has done for the past four years. The Agent of 

 the Bannocks, Shoshones and Crows must be made to 

 understand that these Indians can no longer be allowed 

 to waste and destroy round the Park at their pleasure. 



Theodore Roosevelt. 



New York, April ti. 



At a meeting of the Boone and Crockett Club, held 

 April 8 at the Knickerbocker Club in New York city, 

 Mr, Grrinnell offered resolutions printed below, which 

 were unanimously adopted. The mover was appoiuted a 

 committee of one to communicate with the Secretary of 

 the Interior on this subject, and was authorized to sign 

 the resolutions for all the members of the club. The 

 resolutions were as follows: 



WltereftSi It has for some vears been tbe custom for Indians 

 from the Fort Hall and Lemhi agencies, and from Washaki and, 

 perhaps, the Crow agency, to spend the summer or a part of it on 

 the borders of the Yellowstone National Park hunting and col- 

 lecting dried meat and hides of game, and 



Wlwrcas, These hunting parties destroy great quantities of game 

 without regard to the game laws in force in the Territories where 

 their hunting is done, and 



Whereas, In addition to this dest ruction of game, they cause in- 

 calculable damage to the forests of the continental watershed by 

 the fires which they start, either through carelessness or inten- 

 tionally, as adjuncts to their hunting, and 



Wlicreas, The acting superintendent of the Yellowstone National 

 Park has repeatedly brought this matter to the attention of the 

 Interior Department, and has fortified his reports by affidavits 

 from intelligent and trustworthy men, most of whom are well 

 known to many members of the Boone and Crockett Club, and 



Wlierea.% The destruction of forests and of game causedhy these 

 Indian hunting parties is a serious evil and ought at once to cease, 

 therefore be it 



Besolvui, That the Indians of the Fort Hall, Lemhi, Washaki 

 and Crow agencies should not be permitted to leave their reser- 

 vations in large parties, except when in charge of some reliable 

 white man who can bo held responsible for the conduct of the 

 Indians whom he accompanies, and that under no circumstances 

 should these Indians be permitted to approach within twentv-flve 

 miles of the borders of the Yellowstone National Park, and ' 



Resolved, That the Secretary of the Interior be respectfully re- 

 quested to call this matter to the attention of the Commissioner 

 of Indian Affairs, and to instruct him to direct the agents in 

 charge of the above named tribes to keep their people on the 

 reservations. 



he ^portmjim %oumt. 



"Sam Lovel's Camps" By R. E. Robinson. Price $1. 



SEA TROUT FISHING IN CANADA. 



TT was the opinion of Don Quixote that many troutlings 

 X might be equal to one trout, but such is not the ang- 

 ler's estimate, and those who aspire to something better 

 than the 4in. troutlings of New Hamshire brooks should 

 try the sea trout fishing of Canadian waters. 



Doctors disagree about this fine fish, Salmo canadensis 

 (Hamilton Smith), some pronouncing it identical with S. 

 fontinalis, others recognizing it as a distinct species 

 under the above name. For myself, having very care- 

 fully compared the two together, I am unable to detect 

 any difference in fin rays, gill covers or labials, though 

 such may exist. The difference in color between the two 

 is very marked, but color is not a sufficient test as between 

 species. The habits of the two are very different, how- 

 ever. The brook trout makes its permanent home in fresh 

 water, and is rather a stationary fish; while the sea trout 

 lives most of the year in the ocean, only ascending the 

 rivers in summer for spawning purposes. It is what is 

 called an anadromous fish, like the salmon. Like the 

 salmon the sea trout stops in certain pools when ascend- 

 ing the rivers, and it is only when in these pools that it 

 will rise to a fly. When hooked, the sea trout fight dif- 

 ferently from the brook trout, and with even more vigor 

 and activity; their average size is greater, and on the 

 table they are admitted to be the better fish. 



In the human species we recognize many races of men, 

 and S. canadensis is, even if identical in structure with 

 S. fontinalis, a roving nomad, as different in habits from 

 its home-keeping brother as the red Sioux of the plains 

 from the white citizen of New York. This question, 

 however, must be left to the naturalist for settlement, 

 and I will proceed to relate some experiences in the cap- 

 ture of the sea taout. 



Being in Dalhousie, on the Bay of Chaleurs, in July, 

 1812, and hearing much of the Nouvelle, a river in the 

 vicinity, famous for its large trout, three and four- 

 pounders being quite plenty, as I was told, and five-pound 

 fish not unknown, I determined to visit it and verify 

 these wonderful tales. 



By the help of my landlord, William Murphy, I pro- 

 cured the services of two Micmac Indians with a canoe, 

 no other craft being capable of ascending the river. As 



the distance from Dalhousie was fifteen miles, and we 

 must be absent at least one night, my worthy host pro- 

 vided me with pork, bread, tea and sugar and a bottle of 

 brandy, which in that happy land can be obtained of pure 

 quality for one dollar a bottle. As we expected to catch 

 at least fish enough to eat, these supplies were thought 

 to be sufficient. 



About i) A. M. on the 15th, my Indians- reported them- 

 selves ready at the beach. Although their canoe was a 

 real bark, like those of the Chippewas of Lake Superior, 

 Joe Le Beau aud his son Louis had little of the savage 

 about them. They were attired in the garb of civiliza- 

 tion, coat, trousers and hat, and instead of moccasins 

 they wore long boots. In the far Northwest the Indians 

 would not permit me to enter their canoes with boots for 

 fear of damage to the frail structure, but Joe had laid 

 thin boards along the bottom to protect her. He and 

 Louis looked more like Frenchmen than Indians, and I 

 found them to be sober, industrious and obliging men. 



We left the beach at Dalhousie about 10 o'clock. The 

 morning was calm and the men paddled right across the 

 bay, here about three miles wide, to the Eastern Point, a 

 high bluff of red sandstone, crowned with evergreens. 

 Rounding tins point they kept along shore to the N. E. 

 The bluffs were high and rocky, with the shallow green 

 water at their base flowing over beds of seaweed, above 

 which floated great purple medusae, large enough to fill 

 a water bucket. After about three miles we came to 

 what seemed the mouth of a river, with a small village 

 on the further bank. Entering through a narrow chan- 

 nel we find ourselves in a shallow lagoon, or salt lake, 

 three or four miles across. There was scarcely water 

 enough to float the canoe, the tide being out, and the 

 men stepped overboard and lifted her along. As they 

 were for the next two or three miles in the water more 

 than half the time, it was plain why they wore high 

 boots, and nothing but a bark canoe could have got along 

 at all. 



On the other side of the lagoon we came to the real 

 river mouth, a swift, crooked stream, full of shallow 

 holes and drift logs, where the canoe had to be lifted 

 along every twenty yards. After about a mile of this 

 sort of work we came to a jam of logs and trees, where 

 the canoe must be unloaded and a portage made over the 

 raft, which filled up the river for a distance of fifty or 

 sixty yards. This jam had existed so long that small trees 

 were growing upon it in many places. Joe said there 

 were plenty of trout under the logs, but it wotdd have 

 been impossible to kill a large fish in such a place. Just 

 below the raft Joe"s sharp eyes had detected a large trout 

 in a shallow: which he killed with a thrust of his setting 

 pole, a handsome fish of 31bs. 



Three of these jams we had to pass, so that many hours 

 were gone before we reached open water. By that time 

 the sky was overcast, a high wind roared through the 

 forest, and everything looked like rain. The river was 

 here about 30 or 40yds. wide, with a very swift current 

 over a bed of rocks and pebbles; the Water the clearest 

 and coldest that I ever saw out of a mountain spring. 

 It looked like liquid glass. Its course was very winding, 

 and the shores were high rounded hills, covered with 

 forest. The current was so hard to stem that the men 

 were often obliged to stop for breath, and I got out my 

 rod and fished*, both with fly and spoon, but could get no 

 rise. 



About 6 P. M. we arrived at the bridge, six miles from 

 the mouth of the river, though it seemed twelve. As the 

 rain was beginning to fall, Joe thought we had better 

 camp here for the night; we landed and the men built a 

 fire in a thick grove which promised some shelter, and 

 we supped on the big trout. Joe said there was a decent 

 house near by, and he would go and ask for lodgings for 

 me : as for Louis and himself, they could sleep by the fire. 

 While he was gone an old Frenchman, who lived across 

 the river, came over to our fire and invited me, with 

 many compliments, to go to his house. He was polite, 

 but dirty, and I thought I would try the other house, but 

 softened my refusal of his hospitalities with a glass of 

 brandy, which he enjoyed hugely. 



"Aha! dis is de eau de vie — much better as de dam 

 whisky." 



Presently Joe returned with Mr. Carr, the owner of the 

 nearest house, who invited me to stop with him for the 

 night, which I was glad to do, as the rain was falling 

 fast. 



His house was new and unfinished, but Mrs. Carr made 

 up a bed for me on the floor. They were Scotch people, 

 who had been some years in Canada; they had four or 

 five children growing up in this wilderness, which seemed 

 a pity, as the parents were evidently emigrants of the 

 better class. One can hardly understand how a living- 

 can be got from the soil in this rough country, with its 

 seven or eight months of winter; but the people depend 

 chiefly for their subsistence on the products of the 

 forest. 



I turned out at sunrise, the rain had ceased, though the 

 clouds still hung low and heavily. I went to the camp, 

 where I found the men getting breakfast. Having heard 

 that large trout were often taken at the bridge I tried 

 several casts, both above and below, but without success. 

 We went about six miles further up the river, now and 

 then making a cast in spots likely for trout, but saw none. 

 The river was swift and clear, with many heavy rapids, 

 which taxed the muscle of the men, and once they had 

 to lift the canoe over a boom at a sawmill. Very few 

 houses or farms on the river, only unbroken forest; the 

 day was dark and lowering, good weather for trout fish- 

 ing, if any were in the water, which I was beginning to 

 doubt. 



Now we began to meet with logs and branches of trees 

 floating down the stream, indicating that men were 

 above getting out timber, which Joe said would scare the 

 fish, and we must push on and get above them. 



About two miles further on we lauded for dinner, near 

 a gang of men who were cutting timber for a bridge, but 

 a little way above them, and while Louis was frying the 

 pork, Joe and I went out in the canoe to try a cast; he 

 held the canoe at the head of a deep pool, and I cast 

 down the stream with a dozen yards of line and two 

 small salmon flies. My rod was of bamboo, with a lance- 

 wood tip, rather too stiff for fly-fishing, it having been 

 made for a bait-rod. I allowed the flies to be taken 

 slowly down by the current for about thirty yards, when 

 a large trout rose and fastened himself; away he went 

 with a rush, salmon fashion, the reel giving out line so 

 freely, it having no click to it, that I was obliged to 

 check him by pressing my hand on the line. He ran, 



