Compiling records and an enthusiasm for collecting specimens, combined with rearing larvae, were activities 

 eagerly undertaken by Lowe, who was also a strong advocate of sugaring for nocturnal moths. He naturally 

 bemoaned the limitations imposed on using night-lights, due to the curfew ordered by the military authorities 

 during the Great War of 1914-18. This was certainly a major hindrance for night collecting as any 

 lepidopterist will understand. Lowe's diligence as the now major recorder for the Guernsey Bailiwick, payed 

 some rich dividends and an increase to the known species of Lepidoptera was his achievement. 



In 1918 Guernsey lost their two major stalwarts. Ernest David Marquand died on 16lh February, 

 and within five days, Rev. Frank Edward Lowe, Vicar of St. Stephen's Church, on 21st February. In 1919 

 B.T. Rowswell wrote 'In Memoriam' for Marquand (1919: 83-90). Marquand was a prolific author on all 

 topics on Natural History. Between 1874 and 1912 he had 78 papers published on British and Channel 

 Islands subjects, including Floras for most of the islands. For Lowe an 'Obituary' was written in 1918 by H. 

 Rowland-Brown (1918: 95-96), also by G. Wheeler (1918: 59-60). Mrs Boley also died round about this 

 period. With the departure of all four lepidopterous workers from the entomological scene, Luff, Lowe, 

 Marquand and Boley, the great traditions of Victorian and Edwardian Entomology that they embraced, 

 ended in Guernsey. The active recommencement of studies on insects and the production of entomological 

 Annual Reports, at least as far as Lepidoptera was concerned, had to wait until the Annual Report for the 

 year 1926. 



G.E.J. Crallan and the Societe Jersiaise 



Natural history pursuits in Jersey are evident in the literature of 1913, with the publication of a 

 paper by G.E.J. Crallan entitled 'The island of Jersey from a Natural Science point of view' (1913: 62-70). 

 The paper first appeared as a lecture held at Trinity Hall in 1912 and was read to members of the Societe 

 Jersiaise. It covered aspects of the Geography, Botany, Zoology and Geology of the island. In the same year, 

 Crallan commenced writing the annual report for the Zoological Section of the Society, issued in 1914. In 

 this report, Crallan said that a start was underway in compiling a collection of Lepidoptera and Odonata for 

 the Museum. Recorded in the year 1913, was that collecting on the island had yielded 21 species of 

 butterflies, 65 species of moths and 6 species of dragonflies. Crallan was to continue as the main 

 Lepidoptera recorder and regularly wrote the annual reports up to 1922. 



Further contributions from English entomologists 



During the intervening years from 1918 to 1925, small notes and articles appeared in various 

 English Journals written by a few visiting English lepidopterists. They included in 1922 'The Lepidoptera of 

 the smaller Channel Islands', by W.J. Kaye, (1922: 175-176), in 1924 'Some observations on the butterflies 

 of Alderney', by W.F.K. Thompson (1924: 17), moreover, an important paper in 1925 'Jersey Lepidoptera' 

 by N.D. Riley (1925: 149-151). Riley was probably the first professional entomologist to visit the Channel 

 Islands to study their Lepidoptera fauna. He was a member of staff at the Department of Entomology in the 

 British Museum [Natural History] from 191 1-1955, specializing in butterflies and became the Keeper of the 

 Department by the time he retired. With relation to the Channel Islands, he noted that relatively little 

 entomological information was so far available. This statement was in all probability, based upon the amount 

 of information that was currently available on the islands from the main English entomological journals. 

 This admittedly, was very little, although at least some papers written by Luff may have been available. As 

 apparently no lepidopterist had yet fully studied the two major journals from the Channel Islands, there was 

 little awareness of the work already undertaken, and in consequence there was no attempt to catalogue the 

 fauna. Riley had visited Jersey for a five-week holiday. The visit was not primarily intended for 

 entomological studies, but he had collected a small amount of material and made observations. Riley noted 

 some comparative remarks with the English representatives of the species he saw. Importantly though, he 

 made the observation that the fauna of the Channel Islands are faunistically French. A reason, he suggested, 

 why so few English entomologists had collected in the islands. As far as the butterflies were concerned, 

 Riley noted that due to the lack of adequate study material, it was impossible to accurately discover the exact 

 taxonomic status of the island races, but that a few local races might prove to be definable. This line of 

 research still awaits a satisfactory solution. 



Recording work by R.H. Le Pelley and A.C. Halliwell 



In 1927 the report of the Entomological Section in Guernsey for the year 1926, was undertaken by 

 R.H. Le Pelley. He sporadically undertook these reports until 1978. For the years 1922-1928 there was a 

 break in the recording of Lepidoptera from Jersey. They recommenced with the 1930 report for the year 

 1929, the main recording work was now being undertaken by A.C. Halliwell. He listed Lepidoptera species 

 in the annual reports of the Entomological Section for most years until 1940. A general improvement in his 

 reports was that the data provided was more comprehensive than that given by predecessors, nevertheless, 

 many species still lacked localities. In design the layout though was more akin to the adopted modern styles. 



IX 



