July M, 1888.] 



FOREST AND STREAM. 



IB 



NEWBURGH C. AND B. ASSOCIATION, JULY 2 1 . 



THE annual regatta of the Newburgh Canoe and Boating Asso- 

 ciation was held on Saturday, Ave races on the programme. 

 The canoes and boats were started together over the same course, 

 8J6 miles, the canoes being: Rat, C-frant E. Edgar. Jr.; Pixie, F. 

 B. Smith; Dido, Alfred Kane: Gal-loo, William T. Hilton; 

 Whim, Harry A. Marvel; lolas, C. D. Robinson. Rat led easily, 

 but did not tinish on the proper line, so was compelled to recross. 

 Whim took first place and Rat second. The prize was a cork 

 canoe mattress. 



The entries for the boat sailing race were as follows: Rambler, 

 James T. Van Dalfsen and Wui. G. Van Dalfsen; Scylla, Fred 

 and Harry Bartlett; Bob, fteprge W. Shaw and Harry M. 

 Waring; Doricha, Charles S. Williams and Robert King. The 

 race was won by Scylla in Hi. 38m. 39s. Rambler, second, in lb. 

 33m. 10s. The prize was a copy of "Small Yachts." 



The single paddling race for canoes was oyer a half-mile 

 course southward to the boathouse, from a point opposite the 

 Cotton Factory. Tbo entries were as follows: Rat, Grant E. 

 Edgar, Jr.; Pixie, F. B. Smith; Whim, Harry A. Marvel; Dido, 

 F. W. Bartlett. This race was very close and was won by Pixie, 

 inl2m. 40s. Dido was second. Time, 12m. lis. The prize was a 

 pair of Walsh's paddles. 



The next event was a half-mile rowing race for boats, over the 

 same distance and course, the entries for which were as follows: 

 Argo, rowed by W. O. Scott and R. G. Hilton; Bob, EL E. Shaw 

 and C. H. Low; Scylla, Harry and Fred Bartlett; Billy T., Chai- 

 les Harrison and Robert Johnston. The rat e was won by Scylla 

 in 4m. 25s. Prize, a pair of Tim. Donoghue's best oars. 



The last event of the regatta was a half-mile tandem paddling 

 race, over the same distance and course, the entries (or which 

 were as follows: Whim, F. W. Bartlett and Harry A. Marvel; 

 Pixie, Nathan S. Smith and Fred. B. Smith. The race was won 

 by Pixie in 5m. 40s. The prize was a handsome lantern. 



packed full of warm pitch mixed with a dry red pigment and 

 those of the bow and stern are moreover covered with a strip of 

 muslin. The bark canoe is a remarkable invention for beauty, 

 lightness and streugth; I doubt, that the most learned in ventor 

 could make anything better adapted to its uses." 



BIRCH BARK CANOE BUILDINC. 



TUTB. C. H. FARNH AM, a canoeist known to many of our readers 

 ItJL through his contributions to the magazines, has an article 

 in the August number of Harper's Monthly on the Montagnais 

 Indians, iu which he gives the following description of the birch 

 canoe and its manufacture. Mr. Farnham has used the American 

 decked canoe for many years as the aid and companion on the 

 many long voyages of exploration be has made on the waterways 

 of New York and Canada. 



"The bark canoe is the Indian's chefd'oeuvre. It seems to me not 

 only a beautiful object, but a suggestive emblem of his life. It is 

 the most natural boat in the world; to make it he peels the bark 

 from abireh,splits a cedar for timbers and planksjfinds it together 

 with roots, and closes its seams with pitch from the pines. His 

 tools are an ax, a crooked knife and an awl made of deer bone. 

 No compass and square cover his weakness, for every piece tells 

 the exact truth of Ms hand and eye; not even a bench removes 

 him from the earth, nor a roof covers him from the sky; he kneels 

 at his work. And the women embody their attachment in the 

 pitch they press into thecracks. It is nature's model made b> the 

 wild man, in the woods. The life of the bark canoe is equally 

 poetic; it floats through mountain lakes with the beaver, and 

 runs rapids with the otter; indeed, all of its companions are crea- 

 tures of the forest; it is faithful to nature to the very last, when 

 it retires to the shore of some lonely pond, to mould nnder its 

 mound of feathery moss. I never met this most poetic of wrecks 

 without recalling its romantic human interests. It was the home 

 of a family, it was the scene of the whole tragedy of life, from the 

 beginning to the end, strange with untamed characters, aud 

 intense with real storms, real misery, joy or love, passing in the 

 isolation of the wilderness. 



"Canoe building is the chief industrial event of the Indian's life. 

 As the craft lasts in hunting only two or three years, about one- 

 third of the tribe build canoes here every summer. This import- 

 ant work is intrusted only to men of experience. And although 

 they have here some civilized tools, yet the whole operations-is 

 full of the Indian's originality; you see men at word sitting on 

 the ground holding a stick perhaps between their feet to shave 

 it or on their knees to plane it, and they depend most) v upon the 

 eye, without measures, in shaping their symmetrical', beautiful 

 craft. I often loitered about the canoe built by Paul St. Ouge, 

 the patriarch of the tribe. Although he is one hundred and five 

 years old, yet he is quite erect and sprightly, and still skillful 

 with his ax and crooked knife. 'Paul, how many canoes have 

 you built'?' 'I don't know, about 175: but i shan't build many 

 more; the Lord will soon give me another job. I am waiting for 

 him every day,' and straightening up to his full height he looked 

 off to the horizon with a very expectant and practical expression. 

 'You must have traveled a good ways in these light craft in a 

 hundred and live years?' 'Yes,' said he, turning over his stick on 

 his narrow bench, 'I've been everywhere; all over,' swinging his 

 long arm toward every point of the compass. Then as he went on 

 shaving and shaping his sticks I kept him telling me how lie 

 makes a canoe. The birch bark canoe might be called a cedar 

 or spruce canoe, for two-thirds of its material — the timbers and 

 planks— are of wood. The timbers, or knees, are split out of 

 green stuff aud shaved down to a quarter of an inch and a width 

 of two and a half to three inches. In the woods this is done 

 with a knife, but here a rude bench and a dra wi ng knife facilitate 

 the work. The timbers, after soaking a week or two, are bent in 

 pairs over the knee, and bound in bundles to season in the sizes 

 and shapes required at various parts of the canoe. The gunwales 

 are also bent to the desired sheer, and seasoned in shape on the 

 ground by the help of props and weights. After seasoning the 

 crossbars are morticed into them. The planks or bat tens are long 

 strips, from an eighth of an inch thick to a quarter along the bot- 

 tom, and 3 to 4in. wide. The choice of bark is made with care to 

 secure one that is tough and free from knot holes. A canoe gen- 

 erally requires three pieces of bark, the main one covering' the 

 bottom and bow and stern, and a smaller one sewed on to the 

 main one on each side to reach the gunwales. After the v are 

 peeled from the trees they are tied up in rolls for transportation; 

 aud if they have boen peeled some weeks before use, thev are 

 soaked several days to make them pliable. The loose layers on 

 the outside are stripped away to leave only the tight layers, and 

 the rough grain on the inside is scraped off to make it smooth. 

 The bark is then set up in the general shape of a canoe, to be cut 

 aud sewed in the following manner: The main bark is laid on a 

 smooth level ground, the inside surface downward, and a flat 

 frame— shaped like the gunwales, but without any sheer— is laid 

 on the middle of it and weighted with stones to keep everythingin. 

 place. The bark is bent up along each side of this frame and 

 stakes are driven in to hold it; the gunwales are set up inside the 

 stakes, and supported by props under the crossbars aud weis hted 

 to keep them in position; strips inside and outside the bark Is ,'•-}; 

 it flat along the sides. Each edge of the bark is then cut off to re- 

 ceive the additional pieces put on to reach the gunwale; the full- 

 ness of the bark along each side is taken out by cutting gores; the 

 additional pieces are cut and pinned in places. Then the squaws 

 come with their split spruce roots, their thongs of deeje'd liide 

 and awls, to sew up the seams, excepting those at the bow and 

 stern. The long seam of each additional piece has a half-round 

 spruce root laid along the outside, under the stitches, to prevent 

 the rawhide from splitting the edge of the bark; the edges of the 

 gores, not lapping but meeting, are held by a stitch here and there. 

 The edge of the bark is then trimmed off all around, bent over tlie 

 gunwale, and sewed fast to it with roots. After the canoe is other- 

 wise finished a lighter gunwale or strip is nailed or wrapped on 

 top of the main gunwale, to cover this wrapping and the edge of 

 the bark, and the crossbars are lashed to the gunwales by f vote 

 rove through holes near their ends. When the seams have been 

 sewed and the gunwales finished, the stem and stern seams are 

 sewed up, thus: A pair of light cedar strips, a quarter by half an 

 inch, are bent to the desired curve of each end of the canoe, a 

 strip is laid on each side of the bow, as a kind of welt, the ra whide 

 thongs, passing through the bark and over these strips, draw the 

 two barks closely and firmly together. The bark is then trimmed 

 off along these curves. 



"The weights at the bottom frame are now removed and the in- 

 side of the canoe is covered with a coat of pitch— resin and grease 

 —and this again is covered with some thin pieces of bark. The 

 bark has now been cut to the general shape of a cauoe and secured 

 to the gunwales and the seams have been sewed up, it is ready to 

 receive the planks and timbers that are to hold it in the desired 

 form. Beginning at the bow, the long thin planks or battens are 

 nicely fitted into the canoe, forming a lining running fore and 

 aft. The peculiarly shaped stem post is slipped into oface. The 

 gunwales have oeen beveled on tlie under and outer corner to form 

 a groove between them and the bark to receive the ends of the 

 timbers. Beginning at the bow again, the first timber is cut of 

 the proper length, the ends are slipped under the gunwale at their 

 proper place, and the timber is driven at the center, forward over 

 the lining until it stands plumb. It thus stretches the bark taut 

 and keeps its place. Thus the timbers are successively fitted in, 

 working from the bow and stern toward midships; they are the 

 moulds that decide the sbape of the canoe. And as they are a 

 series of inverted arches springing from the gunwales across the 

 bottom and standing about >£in. apart, they form the strongest 

 lining of the canoe. The craft is now capsized, the seams are. 



CRUISING AT THE MEET. 



ry"VHE cruisers certainly will have no grounds for complaint this 

 JL year, as their interests have been considered in the local as 

 well as in the regula r A. C. A. programmes. Both the Eastern 

 aud Atlantic Divisions have tried the cruising meet, and special 

 races lor cruisers are now a matter of course. The following pro- 

 gramme has boen prepared by the committee on cruising, appointed 

 last winter by Com. Gibson. The committee has wisely decided not 

 to take a long cruise, but to coudonso all the leading points of cruis- 

 ing into a cruise of 24 hours, with first and second prizes for the 

 highest number of points, as given below, covering camp equip- 

 ment, rig, cooking and other important points. If this experimen- 

 tal cruise and competition is as successful as it deserves to be, it 

 will lead to a more extended cruise next year. In the obstacle race 

 first and second prizes will bo given for both sailing and paddling 

 cruisers. 



The cruisers, ladies and gentlemen, will assemble at the Com- 

 modore's tent at 9:30 A. M., Friday, Aug. 17, and embark from the 



Obstacle (^/\ce s° r 

 CflUi^lNG CANoey 



main camp at 10 o'clock, proceed by sailor paddle to ■Bay, 



where lunch will be eaten upon the water at 12:30 o'clock. At 1:30 



P. M. all will head for Island, where they will begin to make 



camp for the night at not earlier than 4:30 P. M. At 5:30 o'clock 

 they will begin the preparation of supper. Camp-fire at S o'clock, 

 "all bring wood." Breakfast shall be ready at f:30 A. M. 



The launch for the homeward voyage shall commence not 

 earlier than 9 o'clock. The cruise will end on the beach in front 

 of the commodore's tent at 12 o'clock noon, Saturday. 



Poiute will be given for — 



1. Best and dryest stowage. 



2. Best canoe tents and arrangements of details. 



3. Best supper and time of preparation. 



4. Best breakfast and time iu washing dishes. 



5. Best set cooking utensils. 



6. Best breaking camp and stowing ready for launching, neat- 

 ness ami dispatch. 



7. Best rig, cruising sails. 



S. For compactness, simplicity and iuexpensiveness of entire 

 cruising outfit. 



OBSTACLE RACE FOB CBUISING CANOES. 



Contestants will have their canoes on shore in positions assigned 

 them, tents up, crew inside with one bundle of clot hing and one 

 bundle of bedding. At the second gun the crew will appear, strike 

 tent, launch and sail around flag No. 1 to a boom placed 2ft . above 

 the water, pass under it and paddle to the carry; land canoe, pass- 

 ing around the two carry flags on the land side; launch aud paddle 

 to flag Mo. 4, leaving it to port, No. 5 to starboard, and in the 

 same order to and around No. 11 to the place of starting, each 

 landing at his own berth. Shoes, clothing and bedding must be 

 kept dry. 



Paddling canoes will start five minutes after the sailing canoes. 

 A first and second prize will be awarded sailing canoes, and a 

 first and second prize to the paddling canoes. 



The committee will be glad to have a large number of entries in 

 the obstacle race, and they extend an earnest invitation to lady 

 and gentlemen canoeists to go on the cruise, as it will undoubtedly 

 prove delightful. W. L. Palmer, 



Geo. L. Parmele, 



L. W. Seavey, Chairman. 



IANTHE C. C. RECORD RACES.— The Ianthe C. C. held its 

 first sailing race for record points on Saturday, July 21. The 

 start was made in a strong S.E. wind, which shifted to S. and 

 became very light before the finish. The flood tide, however, re- 

 tained all of its force, and as it was running in the same direction 

 as the wind, prevented most of the canoes from finishing. The 

 entries were: 



Start. 1st. 2d. 3d. 4th. 



Atalanta, L. B. Palmer, Ianthe 1 1 1 1 1 



Will o' the Wisnp,W. Andersou,Essex2 2 3 



, P. Hogan, Ianthe 3 3 2 



Old Ironsides, G. P. Douglass, Ianthe.,4 5 5 



, W. Scott, Essex 5 



Falcon, H. S. Farmer, Ianthe .6 



Batchelor, B. Fredrichs, Ianthe 7 4 4 



Just after the start Falcon fouled Old Ironsides and withdrew. 



A. C. A. MEMBERSHIP.— Atlantic Division: Dewitt Bailey, 

 John Sage Fieke, George Snyder, Fred N. Snyder, Brooklyn; 

 Barron Fredricks, Newark; H. B. Willard, New York. 



QUAKER CITY C. C.-Officers, 1888: Com., J. A. Barten: Vice- 

 Corn., C. H. C. Cunningham; Sec.-Treas., S. C. Fox, 131 South Sec- 

 ond street, Philadelphia, Pa. 



WESTERN CANOE ASSOCIATION MEET.— The report of 

 meet and races was received too late for insertion this week. 



She (well up in Yachting terms) — Do you think it is safe 

 to jibe:-' He (who doesn't know a jib-boom from a tiller) — 

 Depends on whom yott gibe at.— Burlington Free Press. 



Philadelphia, July 20, 1888.— United States Cartridge Co., 

 Lowell, Mass.: Your new Climax paper shells with strong prim- 

 ers are the best shells made yet. (Signed) Annie Oakley (Little 

 Sure Shot).— M\\ 



fachting. 



Small Yachts. Tty (J. P. Kunhdrdt. Price $7. Steam Yachts and 

 Launches. By C. P. Kunhardt. Price Yaclits, Boats and 

 Cawm. By (.'. StuiwUrW-H-tehy. Price $3.60. Steam Machinery. By 

 Donaldson. Price $1.50. 



FIXTURES. 



July. 



Cor. Marblehead, Ladies' 28. Cape Cod Club, Capo Ann. 



Race. 28. L. Y. R. A„ Hamilton. 



Hull, Hull Regatta, mutch 30. L. Y. R. A., Toronto. 



tor 40ft. class. 30. Quincy, 2d Cham. 



Beverly, Mon. Beach Cham. 31. Monatiquot, Third Pen. 

 Great Head Club. 31. Dorchester Club. 



Bay View Club. 31. L. Y. R. A., Toronto R.C.Y.C. 



West Lynn, Club. 



AUGUST. 



Hull, Hull Ladies' Day. 17. Bay View Moonlight Sail. 



Hull, Hull 2d Championship. IK. Bav View Annual Cruise. 



18. Monatiquot, 2d Cham, Ft. PL 

 J8. Larch. Oyster Boat Race. 

 18. South Boston Club. 

 18. Cor. Marblehead, Cup Race. 

 20. Great Head Moonlight Sail. 



20. Miramicbi, Cup. 

 22. Picon, Third Cham. 

 22. Cape Ann, Open. 



21. Cedar Point Pennant. 

 25. R. C. Y. C. Lausdovvue Cup. 

 25. Savin Hill, Club. 

 25. West Lynn, Ladies' Race. 

 25. Beverly, Marblehead, Open. 

 25-Seot. 8. Quaker City Cruise 



lo New Lo ' 



Beverlv, Nahant. 2d Cham. 

 Toronto, 4th Class. 

 IMeou, Second Chum. 

 New York, Rendezvous. New 



London. 

 New York, Goelef Cups, 



Newport. 

 New Haven, Cruise. 

 Savin Hill, Club. 

 West Lynn, Club. 

 Beverly, Mon. Beach Chain. 

 Cor. Marblehead. Opon. 

 20. Buffalo Cruise. 



y, Open. 

 B, C. Y. 0. Open Handicap. 



American, Open, Newbury- 27. Rhode Island, Open. 



port. 27. Qu incy, 3d Cham. 



New York, Vineyard Haven 28. Dorchester Club. 



Cups, Vineyard Haven. 29. Bay View Club. 

 Great Head 2d Cham. 29. Great Head Club. 



Mona tiquot, Ladies' Day. 29. Monatiquot, Open Sweep. 

 Pleon, Open. 



Septemuek. 



Toronto, all classes. 8. Quincy Sail-off. 



Cape Ann, Gloucester Cup. 12. Great Head Club. 

 Savin Hill, Open. 12. Pleon, Sweepstakes. 



Hull, Hull Open Ra.ce. 15. Toronto, 4th Class. 



Larchmont Fall. 16. Buffalo Club. 



Brooklyn Annual, New York 15. Beverly, Mou. Beach, Open 



Pavonia Union Regatta, 

 Newark Fall. 

 South Boston Open. 

 Beverly, Marblehead Cham. 

 Cor. Marblehead Chain. 

 Cape Ann Cruise. 

 Pleon, Sail Off. 

 Cor, Marblehead, Sail Off. 

 West Lynn, Sweepstakes. 

 Hull Chain. Sail-Off. 



Sweep. 

 15. Dorchester Club. 

 15. Savin Rill, Club. 

 18. Chelsea, Dorchester Bay. 

 20. Savin Hill, Moonlight Sail. 

 — . Miramichi, Cup, Final. 

 22. West Lynn, Cham. Sail-off. 

 25. Cedar Point Pennant. 

 29. Quaker City Cruise, Review. 

 29. Toronto, 2d and 3d Classes. 



AMERICAN Y. C. REGATTA, JULY 21. 



WHETHER or no steam yacht racing can be made popular is 

 a problem yet to be. decided. Thus far the efforts made 

 abroad have not attained any great success; but the American Y. 

 C. is at least determined to make a fair trial and to neglect noth- 

 ing that may contribute to the desired end. The success of the 

 steam yacht is an established fact, it fills a decided want, and it is 

 bound to increase, in numbers and in quality every year; but, at 

 the same time, the very nature of the sport is'sueh thai the steam 

 yachtsman is independent of clubs and club houses to a far greater 

 extent than his sailing brother; his yacht, from its siae and ap- 

 pointments, offers every accommodat ion for his guests as well as 

 his family, and he has no need to seek companionship on shore at 

 a clubhouse. Thanks to the added speed and certainty of steam, 

 lie cruises over a far wider range, aud is much less tied down to 

 any one spot than the sailing man; his yacht drops him at. some 

 city pier in the morning and picks up in the i\ nernoon for a night 

 afloat. All of these conditions are so different from those of the 

 sailing yacht that it is impossible to draw any analogy, or to say 

 whether racing under steam will prove more or less successful 

 than racing under canvas. Certainly the keen enjoyment of a 

 hard fought bout to windward or a close run under spinakers is 

 entirely absent; but, on the other hand, there is an increase of 

 speed, of excitement, and also of danger, that should add much 

 zest in these rapid times. 



In its efforts in behalf of steam yachting the American Y. C. 

 has started out with a fine house and anchorage, a good racing 

 course, a flue fleet, and valuable prizes; in fact it has done all 

 that a club can do, the rest remaius with the individual owners. 

 The house is a very handsome structure on the extremity of Mil-' 

 ton Point, three miles from Rye station, which, is one hour by rail 

 from New York. It is fitted up with every convenience, dining- 

 rooms, kitchens and bedrooms for the permanent entertainment, 

 of members, while on each Saturday the building and grounds are 

 open to ladies, a baud being in attendance during the afternoon 

 and, evening. This experiment has proved a great success, the at- 

 tendance is always large, and the new club is one of the most 

 popular institutions along the Sound. Already a number of its 

 members have purchased property adjoining t he club grounds, and 

 have built handsome cottages, and tlie whole character of the 

 Point is likely to change witnin a year or two. The course of the 

 club is from off the Point straightaway to a markboat anchored 

 about 11 knots to the eastward of Stratford Shoal Light, and 

 nearly on a line south from Branford Point. The distance is 40 

 knots, the yachts returning to tho starting line, making SO knot:-' 

 in all. At the markboat the yachts are timed as thev uass out 

 and back, which time of turning is deducted from tlie elapsed 

 time of the run, providing it does not exceed f5 minutes. 



The prizes offered this year were the Atalanta's cup. presented 

 last October by Mr. Jay Gould, open to any sen-going yacht over 

 100ft. l.w.l. belonging to an organized yacht club of the. United 

 States, to be given for the fastest time over the course, and to be 

 won by the same yacht for two successive years, irrespective of 

 ownership, before becoming the permanent property of the yacht 

 The race must be made at a speed of 16 knots in order to take the" 

 cup. The Commodore's cup was offered for the fastest time over 

 the course, with no restrictions. There were also three cups 

 under the time allowance proposed by C. K. Emery, Ph. D., one 

 for each class, as follows: First class, exceeding' 150ft, Lw.l.- 

 second class, all over 85 and not over 150ft.; third class, all over* 50 

 and not over 85ft. This time allowance is based on the rule that 

 the speed of a yacht in knots per hour should equal two and 

 seven-tenths times the cube root of the lengLh of the yacht in feet 

 on the waterline. There was also one cup under the rule sub- 

 mitted by Mr. Chas. 11. Haswell: "The velocity of a vessel is as- 

 sumed as the cube root of the quotient of the product of the area 

 of her grate surface, and the constant due to the character of 

 combustion, divided by the cube root of the square of her gross 

 tonnage. The constants being for natural draught, 1; jet, 1.25; 

 blast and exhaust, 1.6." 



The above prizes were offered under the following conditions: 

 "All yachts entered will be considered as contesting for all possi- 

 ble prizes, unless parties entering specify a limit. No yacht, how- 

 ever, will be entitled to claim in addition to the Atalanta's chal- 

 lenge cup more than one prize, and the party entering any yacht 

 winning more than one race will have to elect, within three days, 

 by notice to the regatta committee, for which race he claims the 

 prize. The committee will then award unseleeted prizes to the 

 yachts next in order. No prize shall be given in any class unless 

 two or more yachts of tha t class start." 



All the prizes were open to yachts enrolled in any yacht club 

 .except as stated for the Atalanta cup, which is limited to clubs of 

 the United States. 



In spite of the value of the prizes the entries were small in num- 

 ber, many yachts which were expected being absent, while, some 

 that were present did not start. In the harbor in the morning- 

 were the flagship Tillie; tho Narwhal, Vice- Com. C. H. Osgood- 

 Iuanda, Bear-Corn. E. M. Field: Susquehanna, Mr. Jos. Sticknev- 

 Sagamore, Mr. J. W. Slater's handsome new bar] an i Norma" 

 Horace Daniels: Stranaer. Mr. fien. S. Rrntt.i Roatlnoc ii„ w,- ' 



the club landing was the little flyer Buzz, a 50ft. launch built la=t 

 year at Amesbury, Mass., by C. D. Mosher, one of the fastest of 

 her class afloat. She is an open launch, with a ram bow and nar- 

 row round stern, Soft, on deck and 6ft, Gin. beam, with a horizon- 

 tal boiler of the locomotive type and a two-cyliuder compound 

 engine. The shaft is below the keel at the sternpost, while the 

 balanced rudder is directly under the aft end of the keel, a metal 

 blade about 3ft, long and Sin. wide, set in a vertical shaft. The 

 screw is two-bladed, 30in. in diameter. The hull is entirely open, 



