Separate Accounts have not been published. 557 



September 19, 1820. Mr. Hempel, of Altenburg, in 

 Saxony, having presented to the Society the second edition 

 of his Magic Ring of Pomona, Dr. Noehden this day com- 

 municated a short view of what he conceived to be important 

 in this new publication. The subject having, since the ap- 

 pearance of the first edition, and the notice taken of it, in the 

 Society's Transactions, engaged the attention of Horticultu- 

 rists in England, many of the observations now made by Mr. 

 Hempel, had been anticipated by Papers relating to the 

 subject which had been printed in our Transactions. The 

 principal point of novelty brought forward is a distinction 

 between the operation of ringing for the purpose of making 

 trees productive, and that used with an intent to accelerate 

 the maturity of the fruit, to encrease its size, and to improve 

 its flavour. To the former Dr. Noehden has applied the 

 term Production Ringing, the latter he has called Maturation 

 Ringing. These two operations, which hitherto had not been 

 sufficiently discriminated, are quite distinct, differing not only 

 in their effects, but in the time when they are to be performed, 

 and also in the period when the result of the practice is ob- 

 tained. 



Production Ringing shows its effect in the year after it has 

 been performed, Maturation Ringing, in the same season. 

 The former, which is what is usually signified by the term 

 Ringing, and which, it is found, may be practised at any 

 time while the trees are divested of their leaves, is now so 

 well understood that little additional information can be ex- 

 pected. In the other practice, the observations and instruc- 

 tions of Mr. Hempel will be of some value. The operation 

 of Maturation Ringing should be deferred till the flowers are 



