Mil. A. MUBBAT ON GRAFTING AND BUDDING. 
117 
the true merits and virtues of grafting and budding, as well as 
their disadvantages, in a form that may be useful. 
I may observe that the specimens of which the collection con- 
sists have been obtained from Chiswick, and from Mr. William 
Paul. 
The specimens received from Chiswick consist of a selection of 
sections of fruit-tree grafts of all kinds and ages. The vast 
number of old fruit-trees at Chiswick, now condemned and about 
to be rooted out, furnished an almost unlimited supply of this 
material. 
Those from Mr. Paul are of buddings of roses of various 
ages, which I selected from the desire to show the difference of 
the effects of budding and of grafting on the part operated upon. 
The Members of this Committee know very well that in all 
instances of transfusing a part of one plant into that of another, 
whether by grafting, or budding, or any other mode, the only 
point at which transfusion or union can take place is the single 
outer circle of vessels which lies between the bark and the 
wood, in which the passage of the sap alone takes place, and by 
which the connexion between the roots and the leaves and the 
consequent deposit of wood and growth of the tree alone take 
place. 
I am afraid, however, that the more general impression is that 
a branch grafted on to another, is united to the stock on which 
it is grafted throughout its whole surface, that it grows together 
as two parts of an animal body united by the first intention, 
as, for example, part of a finger cut off and immediately clapped 
on again. The examination of the specimens which I have 
brought together will serve to correct any such misapprehension. 
They show that there is no union whatever at any part of the 
wood of the scion applied to the wood of the stock, except at 
the single outer ring of the alburnum, already mentioned : in- 
deed a small film of a brownish substance is deposited along 
every part of the applied surfaces, except the outer ring, where 
the union takes place ; and some of the specimens which I exhibit 
show isolated deposits of wood and woody fibre enveloped in 
this brown deposit, which I imagine to be oozings of woody 
matter something analogous to what is called proud flesh in the 
animal body. 
But what I wish particularly to point out is that in every 
instance the inner part of the applied surfaces where the union 
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