270 



SEITARO GOTO. 



I und II ist als Rest eines Sacrum brachiale zu betrachten " 



['92, p. 372.] 



As stated above, I have not examined the spinal nerves in the example 

 here described, nor have I been able to study very young specimens, so 

 that it remains to be seen how far one is justified in bringing this case 

 under Adolphi's category. So long as there is no evidence to the contrary, 

 however, the probability appears to me to be quite strong. 



Cases of bifurcated transverse processes on one of the anterior verte- 

 brae described by previous writers [Bourne, '84, p. 86 ; Adolphi, '92 and 

 95] have also yet to find their proper places in the natural history of varia- 

 tion. It may be added that Benham ['94] has described some pronounced 

 irregularities in the region of the 2nd., 3rd., and 4th. vertebrae in Rana 

 mugiens. 



Case 2. Bufo vulgaris, sex not noted. Seventh and eighth vertebrae 

 fused. (Cut 2.) 



Cut 2. 



A. Dorsal view. B. Ventral view. 



In this example the abnormality affects only the seventh and eighth 

 vertebrae. On the dorsal side, the line of fusion can still be made out with 

 certainty, but so far as can be observed with the naked eye combined with 

 an attempt to pull them asunder, the neural arches of the two vertebrae, 

 the zygapophyses included, appear to be completely ankylosed, leaving 

 only the line of demarcation on the surface. On the ventral side, the 

 centra of the two vertebrae are completely fused together, and no line of 

 demarcation whatever can be seen. Whereas in the normal skeleton, the 



