ii4 



Annals of Horticulture, 



Bessarabia and Crimea. Bessarabia is already badly in- 

 fested, and active measures are being taken to destroy the 

 pest. 



"Bulgaria, Servia and Roumania. The phylloxera is 

 present in the districts of Widdin and Koula only, although 

 no protective measures have been adopted. No accurate 

 information in regard to the increase of diseased districts can 



The 



phylloxera be obtained. 



in Europe. "Greece. The presence of the phylloxera in Greece has 

 not yet been officially announced. 



66 Turkey. Since 1885, when the commission conceded the 

 presence of the phylloxera in Turkey, no official investigation 

 has been carried on to determine the amount of damage- 

 done by the insect. But recent information shows that the 

 district of A'idin has been invaded, and this region is the most 

 important, so far as viticulture is concerned, of any in Tur- 

 key. 



" Over 10,000 hectares of vineyards in Asia Minor are now 

 infested. The beautiful vineyards of Smyrna are partially 

 ruined, and on account of the carelessness of the govern- 

 ment, it is feared that all the vineyards in the Ottoman em- 

 pire will soon be infested." 



In spraying-machinery, there has been great activity in the 

 manufacture of various styles of knapsack pumps, and sev- 

 eral horse-machines have been put upon the market or have re- 

 ceived marked improvements. The most important departure of 

 machmer g " ^ e y ear > nowever ? is the labor of the committee appointed by 

 y ' the Association of Agricultural Colleges and Experiment Sta- 

 tions, to consider means by which uniform sizes of fittings 

 can be secured for all spraying-machines. This committee, 

 appointed in November, 1890, consists of W. B. Alwood, of 

 Virginia, D. G. Fairchild, of Washington, D. C, and James 

 Troop, of Indiana. It has secured the agreement of nearly 

 all manufacturers to use standard sizes of threads and other 

 fittings, and the advantages of its labors will be placed be- 

 fore the public for the season of 1892. 



In the treatment of plant-diseases, the copper-sprays con- 

 tinue to gain favor, and their use for control of diseases of 

 the grape has already come to be an established practice 

 among growers. It is a question of but two or three years 

 before the leaf-blight of quinces and pears, apple and pear-scab, 



