88 



COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY. 



Fig. 54. — Stomach of the 

 Porpoise: c, cardiac; p, 

 pyloric. 



opening, leading into the intestines is called pyloric. In 

 the Carnivores, Apes, and most odd-toed quadrupeds, the 

 stomach resembles that of Man. That 

 of the toothless Ant-eater has the 

 lower part turned into a kind of giz- 

 f ^ zard for crushing its food. The Ele- 



|L j^^^^^S P^ an ^' s * s subdivided by numerous 

 m folds. In the Horse, it is constricted 

 in the middle; and in the Rodents, 

 Porpoises, and Kangaroos, the con- 

 striction is carried so far as to make 

 two or three sections. But animals that chew the cud 

 (Ruminants) have the most complex stomach. It is di- 

 vided into four peculiar chambers : First, the paunch 

 (rumen), the largest 

 of all, receives the 

 half- masticated food 

 when first swallowed. 

 The inner surface is 

 covered with papillae, 

 except in the Camel, 

 which has large cells 



for Storing Up Water. Fig. 55.— Stomach of the Lion: c, cardiac orifice, or 

 From this, the food entrance of CBSopha g us;p, pyloric. 



passes into the honey-comb stomach (reticulum), so named 

 from its structure. Liquids swallowed usually go directly 

 to this cavity, without passing through the paunch, and 



Fig. 56.— Complex Stomach of a Ruminant: a, gullet ; b, rumen, or paunch ; c, reticu- 

 lum ; d, psalterium, or manyplies; e, abomasus; /, pylorus leading to duodenum. 



