40 



W. LlLLJEBORG, 



trary pretty considerable differences from the foregoing, by a remarkable 

 reduction of the processes, as well the processus mammillares as the pr. 

 spinosus and processus transversi. The foramina for the side-branches of 

 the aorta pass through the base of the lateral processes in the same manner 

 as in the preceeding, but above the lateral processes there is on the sides 

 of the corpus a somewhat more visible concavity for the said side-branches, 

 and at the back edges of the arreus is a deeper rounded notch for them 

 on their passing into the canalis spinalis. This notch is shallow and wide 

 in the preceeding vertebra. The half-canals between the front and back 

 articular processes for the processus spinosi inferiores are narrover. Dimen- 

 sions of this vertebra: Breadth of corpus in front 7"; height of d:o 6y"; 

 length of d:o without epiphyses, 3"; length of processus spinosus 1"; d:o 

 of prosessus transversi distance between external borders of processus 

 mammillares 4": foramen spinale }" broad and \" high. 



The 13 th caudal vertebra (PI. X. figg. 98, 99) differs from the fore- 

 going in the same manner as it differed from the 11 th , though comparati- 

 vely in a somewhat higher degree. The lateral processes are only indi- 

 cated by a longitudinal ridge over the side, and the base of them is per- 

 forated by the foramina for the side-branches of the aorta. The processus 

 mammillares are rudimentary as also the processus spinosus. The canal 

 for the said branches in the upper part of the sides of the corpus above 

 the lateral processes is deeper than in the foregoing vertebrae, and in this 

 the notches in the hinder borders at the base of the arcus have become 

 foramina. The foramen spinale is smaller than in the last. Dimensions of 

 this vertebra: Breadth of corpus in front, exclusive of the said side-ridges, 

 6|"; height of d:o d:o 6|"; length of d:o, exclusive of epiphyses, 2f-". 



Between the 13 th and the next of the discovered caudal vertebrae there 

 is so great a difference that we assume that atleast one lost caudal vertebra 

 has been situated between them. That which we accordingly take to be 

 the 15 th caudal vertebra (PI. X. figg. 100, 101) is entirely destitute of ridge 

 on the sides, as also of processus mammillares, and has the processus spi- 

 nosus only slightly indicated. The foramen spinale is very small. The for- 

 amina or channels for the branches of the aorta have the one opening above 

 tlie middle of the sides of the corpus, and the other far down in the sides, 

 and they have moreover an opening on each side of a large cavity on the 

 under side of the corpus. Over the upper opening is a short, open canal, 

 subsequently carried upward under a broad bridge and terminating in the 

 back part of the foramen spinale. Dimensions: Breadth of corpus in front 

 5y"; height of d:o d:o 5f"; length of d:o, exclusive of epiphyses, 2j"'. 



