— 218 - 



Use: The wood is especially used as fire-wood. In Celebes, near 

 Makassar and Menado, it seems to be used for building houses, however, 

 it is only durable enough for the interior (RUMPH., Koord.). In sea-water, the 

 saying is, that the wood is indestructable, which makes it suitable for small 

 rowing-boats. Rum phi us also mentioned the fact that the Javanese used 

 the trunk for rice-blocks ; the black heart of the old trunks was reduced to 

 fine powder in Celebes, and then used as an ointment against headaches. 

 According to RHEEDE Hort. Mal., the ashes, obtained from the wood and 

 the' fruit, can be used, as is done in Malabar, for the bleaching of clothes ; 

 they are further used by painters for mixing their colours. The bark is 

 supposed to be an astringency, and it is said that in Sindh and Bombay, 

 it is used for tanning purposes. The fruit is eaten everywhere after a 

 preliminary preparation, (generally by cooking .or soaking it in water for 

 a long time and then often drying it in the sun to get rid of its bitterness).- RUM- 

 PHIUS mentions these details in his Herb. Amb. under Mangium album, 

 speaking however of the large species (A. officinalis L.) of Malacca.-- Rheede 

 says that in Malabar the name for the fruit is „carils"; besides, with the 

 seeds cooked with the leaves of Adamboe—Ipomoea campanulata Linn, and 

 some butter, they make an ointment which rapidly ripens tumors and pimples. 



3. AVICENNIA NITIDA JACQ. 

 (Tab. 22.) 



Nom. e~t Sy ii: Avicennia nitida J ACQ. Select. Stirp. Amer. Hist. (1763) 

 p. 177 et tab. 112. fig. 1 [!] ; Linn. Spec. Plant. II (1764)p. 891 [!] ; Linn. Gen. 

 Plant. (',764) p. 5/9 [!]; Lam. Enc. Méth. Bot. I (1783) p. 330 [!]; GMELIN 

 Syst. Nat. II 2 (1796) p. 963 [!]; Murray/Pers. Syst. Veg. (1797) p. 61 6 [!]; 

 WiLLD. Spec. Plant. III p I ( 1 797--1830) p. 395 [!] ; PERS. Syn. Plant, II (1807) 

 p. 143 [!]; Lam. Ree. Planch. Bot. Enc. Ill (1823) p. 540 [!]; Spreng. Syst. 

 Veg. II (1825) p.768 [!] ; CüAMlSSO in Linnaea VII (1832) p. 370 [!] ; Dietr. 

 Syn. Plant III (1343) p. 619 [!] ; Miq. Symb. Flor. Surin. in Linnaea XVllI 

 [1844] p. 264 [!j; WALP. Rep Bot. Syst. IV (I884~1848)p.l33 [!]; SCHAu. 

 in DE CAND. Prod. Syst. Nat. XI (1847) p. 699 [!] ; SCHAu. in Mart. Flor. 

 Bras. IX [1851] p 303 [!] ; Grisebach Flor. Brit. W. Ind. Isl. [1864] p. 502 

 [!]; Thoms/Murray Voy. Chall. Bot. 1 [1885] p. 57 [!]; ASA Gray Syn. Flor. 

 N. Amer. Ed. 2 vol. II. [1888] p. 341 [!] ; SCHlMP. Mal. Strand«. [1891] p. 98. 

 [!];— A. tomcntosa J ACQ. Select. Stirp. Amer. Hist. [1763] p. 178, et tab. 

 112 fig 2 [!]; LINN. Gen Plant, [1764] p. 579 [!]; LAM. Enc. Méth. Bot. 



I [1783] p 330 [!]; Swartz Observ. Bot. [1791] p. 248 [!] ; Gmelin Syst. Nat. 



II 2 [1 796] p. 963 [!] ; Murray/Pers. Syst. Veg. [1797] p. 616 [!]; Miq. Symb. 

 Flor. Sur. in. Linnaea 18 [1844] p. 264 [!];-- A. germinans Linn. Spec. Plant. 

 II [1764] p. 891 [!] ;— Avicennia spec. Reich. Gen. Plant. [1778] p. 328 [!];--A. 

 a' ricana PALIS Be au v. Flor. d'Oware et- Eenin. I [1804] p. 80 t. 47 ; 

 SCHAL, in DE Cand. Syst. Nat. (1847) p. 699 [!]; SCHAU, in MART. Flor! 

 Bras. IX [1851] p. 305 [!]; — A. elliptica THUNB. Plant. Bras. Dec. Ill [1817] 

 p. 37 No. 39, ex WALP. et SCHAU.;— A. iomentosa MEYER Prim. Esseq. 



