1904.] 



Freight Rates on Grain. 



a cart being placed underneath a tap. Where, however, no fall 

 in the ground assists the farmer, a pump has to be erected over 

 the tank and the manure pumped out into the cart. The tank 

 is roofed to prevent rain from falling in and thereby diluting 

 the fluid. The cart body, with a large barrel (about 3 ft. in 

 diameter and about 10 ft. long) placed upon it, is drawn up 

 under the pump or tap, as the case may be, and the barrel 

 filled. The fluid collected in the farm tank is sufficient to 

 manure the grass and root crops of the farm. This tank of 

 liquid manure does not appear to constitute any nuisance or 

 danger to health. 



The dung and litter is collected carefully in another pit, 

 which has sloping sides and bottom, and any fluid is collected 

 in a sump hole and pumped out and used as required. These 

 manure pits are often covered with a roof to prevent wet getting 

 at it and thus taking away a great deal of the manure value by 

 dilution. This manure is all carefully preserved, and in the 

 early months of the year spread over the land and carefully 

 ploughed in. By attention to such details the Danish farmer 

 does not require to buy artificial manure to any large extent. 



According to an extract from the Chicago Inter Ocean of 



April 1 5th, received by the Board of Trade from the British 



Commercial Agent at Chicago, the traffic 



Freight Rates officials of the railways in the Central 

 on Gram * ^ . . . . . t 



freight Association met at Chicago and 



agreed to maintain " indefinitely " the rates which have been 

 in effect during the winter on grain and grain products from 

 that port to the Atlantic ports. 



These rates are : — To New York, on grain and grain products 

 for domestic use, 20 cents per 100 lb. ; on grain for export, 15 

 cents per 100 lb. ; on grain products for export, i6h cents per 

 100 lb. The rates to Philadelphia are 2 cents less on grain 

 products and 1 cent less on grain, and the rates to Baltimore are 



* Journal, Vol, X., No. 1, June, 1903, p. 89. 



M 2 



