IQ05-] Crop Tests by Farmers in Ontario. 613 



whole plan of manuring must be designed to encourage them, 

 but at the end of the second or third season he has to deal with 

 a mixed herbage, and the manures must be of a kind that will 

 encourage a permanent mixed herbage. The proper treatment 

 will vary in different circumstances. A second application of 

 phosphates may be beneficial, not in a heavy dressing as at first, 

 but at the rate of from 2 to 3 cwt. of basic slag or super- 

 phosphate. A little potash and lime may also prove useful ; 

 but the manure most likely to do good will be that from well- 

 fed animals either carted on to the land in dung, or made on 

 the land from oilcakes. The decorticated cotton cake fed on 

 Plot 1 at Cransley was practically wasted, but if this plot had 

 received 10 cwt. basic slag three years before the cotton cake 

 was used, the results would probably have been very different. 



In the foregoing paragraphs, white clover has been spoken of 

 because it is the best of the clovers for the purpose of improving 

 land, but there are others which may be beneficial, and some of 

 them were very common on the Cransley soil. Medicago 

 htpulina or yellow " clover " and yellow or red suckling clover, 

 for example, were both abundant. The above remarks apply 

 generally to their treatment, but these plants are much less 

 useful than white clover, and they will not pay for such heavy 

 dressings of manure. It is likely that the Cransley plots would 

 have shown greater profits if fewer of the yellow flowered 

 clovers had been present and their places had been occupied by 

 white clover sown in the spring of 1901. 



The Agricultural and Experimental Union of Ontario was 

 established in 1879 with a view to forming a bond of union 

 between the Ontario Agricultural College 

 Experimental and its old students. In 1886 a commence- 

 Crop Tests by men t W as made of a system of experimental 

 Parmers in •. 1 



Ontario. work which has since assumed very large 



dimensions. The plan adopted is to 

 prepare a scheme of experiments, chiefly of a simple character, 

 such as the testing of the productive qualities of two or three 

 arieties of grain, roots, green crops, &c, and to supply free of 



