646 Spraying Fruit Trees and Bushes. [feb., 



caustic, can be bought of a wholesale chemist for about 17s. 

 per cwt. ; and caustic potash, also in lumps, 73 to 75 per cent, 

 actual caustic, at about 33s. 6d. per cwt. The percentages of 

 hydrated caustic, commonly quoted, would be much higher. 

 The lumps, however, take a long time to dissolve, and the only 

 quick method is that of boiling them. . Not more than 7 lb. 

 should be boiled in two gallons of water in a vessel holding 

 at least three gallons. It must not be nearly full, for if it is the 

 liquid will boil over, as it expands violently when it reaches 

 the boiling point. The materials can be obtained in powder 

 at a slightly higher price. 



The strength of the other mixture recommended is 8 lb. of 

 copper- sulphate, 8 lb. of quicklime, and 8 oz. of Paris green 

 paste to 100 gallons of water when foliage is in a tender condi- 

 tion, and 10 lb. of copper sulphate, 10 lb. of quicklime, and 

 10 oz. of Paris green to 100 gallons of water when the foliage 

 is mature. The sulphate should be dissolved with boiling water 

 in a wooden vessel, while the lime is slaked and liquefied in 

 another, after which the latter can be strained through a sieve 

 of fine white gauze into the former, while the Paris green 

 should be dissolved separately and well mixed with the other 

 ingredients. The whole should be strained again into the 

 spraying machine, the pump of which, moreover, should always 

 have a strainer fixed over its suction tube. 



When equal quantities of copper sulphate and lime are 

 used, there is no need to test the mixture for acidity, provided 

 that fresh quicklime be used. The copper sulphate should be 

 guaranteed at 98 per cent, of purity. 



As the first of these sprayings with Bordeaux mixture is 

 chiefly for the prevention of fungoid attacks, it might be 

 supposed that Paris green is not required. There is reason, 

 however, to hope that it will prevent or check the operations 

 of the bud moth, and other pests which attack buds. The 

 object of combining Paris green and the Bordeaux mixture 

 is that of at once poisoning the food of insects or their larvae,, 

 and destroying the spores of fungi. It is well worth while, 

 then, to include the Paris green in the first of the spring 

 sprayings. The combination has proved remarkably successful 

 in Canada and the United States, and. one advantage of it is 



